PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE DEĞİŞEN TÜKETİCİ DAVRANIŞLARI

İlk COVID-19 vakası, yani korona virüs, 17 Kasım 2019'da Çin'in Hubei Eyaleti, Wuhan'da tespit edildi. İlk salgın ile ilgili haberler yapılmaya başlandığında hiç kimse, yaşam koşullarında bu denli köklü değişiklikler gerektireceğini düşünmemişti. Küresel ve oldukça ağır sonuçları olan korona salgını nedeniyle Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, 11 Mart 2020'de küresel bir pandemi ilan etti. Neticede, bu tarihten sonra COVİD-19 salgını şüphesiz ki siyasetten ekonomiye, eğitimden tüketime hayatımızda pek çok değişikliğe neden oldu. Peki, salgın geçici olsa da bu süreçte öğrenilen tüketici davranışları kalıcı olabilir mi? Değişen tüketici davranışlarının neler olduğunu ortaya koymak amacıyla hazırlanan bu çalışma, dünyada bu konu ile ilgili yapılmış çalışma sonuçlarını ele almaktadır.

CHANGING CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE PANDEMI PROCESS

1. LITERATURE As it is known, the methods used to protect against COVID-19 virus created a new normal in consumer behavior. It is very difficult to predict where the consumer behavior will go as we have not experienced a situation similar to the epidemic we are going through right now. According to economic analyst Katie Jones, consumers' lives will be divided into life after and before the epidemic, and there will be a significant difference between the two lives (Jones, 2020). When it comes to crisis, economic crises come to mind. Financial crises, like heart attacks, suddenly come in and grow as a result of the markets' distrust of each other in an environment of uncertainty. Outbreaks are global cases where people do not trust each other, uncertainty occurs, unemployment is increasing and as a result of declining consumption expenditures. For this reason, pandemic processes can also be likened to crises It is clear that both the quarantine process and post-quarantine will have economic and social consequences. Lyhagen (2001) found that uncertainty for the coming period reduced consumers' consumer behavior and increased their savings. On the other hand, meeting apps such as zoom, instagram, skype, teamlink, which have existed since the past, are now widely used due to the epidemic. In addition, employees and businesses that discover the comfort and functionality of working from home can make these behaviors permanent after this process. Working from home, which is important for employers to reduce costs, is valuable because they use the time to prepare and on the path that employees have time for themselves. Similarly, many people experienced the online shopping experience in the process. Many changing consumer behaviors of this process are observed and researched. Therefore, this study aims to address changing consumer behavior in relation to the pandemic process. According to Shama (1978) as long as the changes show a predictable trend, both manufacturers and consumers can adapt to these changes and use them in their interests (Shama, 1978:43). The study has the results of national and international studies on what is changing consumer behavior. 2. DESIGN 3. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION Within the scope of the research, global research results measuring the effects of corona epidemic on consumer behavior were examined. In the study, by giving the results of the mentioned research, it is aimed to evaluate these results and thus to develop suggestions for future research. All over the world, by the end of May, a process called gradual normalization is being introduced. But unless there is a vaccine or drug related to COVID-19, it's in a corner of the minds of consumers who will adapt to the work of normalization outside, “what if it gets infected?” there will be fear. In this process, instead of giving importance to advertising and sales strategies, the duty of brands is to provide support to confused consumers and to provide solutions to their dilemma. In order for consumers to get through this transition process with minimal damage, it is very important for brands to provide content that will support consumers and, if possible, to carry out a redeeming mission. According to McKinsey's results, even in China, which has been battling this virus for longer than other countries since COVID-19 emerged there, consumer spending is still considerably lower than the old levels. Brands that follow digital portfolios, constantly change, and benefit from online learning mechanisms will be successful in the “new normal” because no one knows the process called the new normal. The concept of “brand identity” has become important for the development of consumers' purchasing behavior during the epidemic process. Brand identity; is the brand's culture, capital and personality. Brands that can invest in brand personality will come to the fore as they cannot sell. Social changes seem likely to occur as a result of the current crisis, and consumers will change the way they interact with people and brands for the foreseeable future. While many behaviors will return to historical patterns after a vaccine has been discovered and distributed, there will also be many things that will be permanent. Due to the rapid spread of the virus, consumers who are afraid of the crowd may not prefer crowded places such as entertainment places, restaurants, shopping malls, gyms, even after the virus i

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