ANALİZİANALYSIS OF THE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EFFICIENCIES OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

Ülkelerin Araştırma ve Geliştirme (Ar-Ge) faaliyetleri gelişmekte olan pazarda rekabet edebilmek adına büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu önem yaygın olarak kabul edilmesine rağmen, Ar-Ge faaliyetlerinin etkinliği literatürde nadir olarak incelenmiştir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma Avrupa Birliği (AB) üyesi ülkelerin Ar-Ge verimliliğini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, ülkeler arasındaki rekabetin çok yüksek olduğu AB ülkeleri seçilmiştir, ayrıca bu ülkeler Ar-Ge faaliyetlerine ciddi miktarda kaynak ayırmaktadırlar. Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) göreceli etk inlik sk orlarını ölçmek için k ullanılmıştır. Sonrasında, AB ülk elerinin siyasi ve düzenleyici ortamının Ar-Ge verimliliği üzerindeki etkisi hipotez testleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Göreceli etkinlik sk orları ve hipotez testlerinin sonuçları, sosyal politik a düzenleyiciler için Ar-Ge faaliyetlerinin planlanması k onusunda k arar vermede değerli bilgiler vermek tedir. Çalışmanın sonuçları ayrıca Türk iye gibi, AB'ye k atılmak isteyen ülkelere fayda sağlayacaktır

AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ ÜLKELERİNİN ARAŞTIRMA VE GELİŞTİRME ETKİNLİKLERİNİN

Research and Development (R&D) activities of the countries are of crucial importance in order to compete in the emerging mark et. Although this importance is widely recognized, the efficiency of these activities has been rarely examined in the literature. Therefore, this study is an attempt to analyze the R&D efficiencies of European Union (EU) member countries. EU countries are selected for this study since the competition between these countries is very high and they invest a significant amount of resources in this area. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used in order to measure the relative efficiency scores. Then, the effect of political and regulatory environment on R&D efficiencies of EU countries is analyzed vi a hypothesis testing. The relative efficiency scores and hypothesis test results give valuable information for social policy mak ers in mak ing decisions about planning R&D activities. The findings will also be useful for the countries aiming to participate the union, such as Turkey.

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