Gülsevim TİRİNG, Serdar SATAR, Okan ÖZKAYA

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Sekonder Metabolitler

Sekonder metabolitler, organizmanın büyümesinde, gelişiminde ve çoğalmasında doğrudan yer almayan, mikroorganizmalar veya bitkiler tarafından üretilen organik bileşiklerdir. Sekonder metabolitler, böceklerin ve mikroorganizmaların korunmasına karşı bitki savunmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. İnsanlar ilaçlarda, aromalarda, pigmentlerde ve parfümlerde sekonder metabolitleri kullanmaktadırlar. Ayrıca, son çalışmalar ile sekonder metabolitlerin COVID-19 antiproteaz ilaçları arasında etkili olarak kabul edilebileceği sonucuna da varılmıştır. Bitki sekonder metabolitleri terpenler, fenolikler ve alkaloitler olarak üç ana sınıfa ayrılmaktadır. Terpen sınıflandırması, yapılarında bulunan izopren birimlerinin sayısına dayanmaktadır. Fenolik bileşikler ise bir aromatik halka yapısı üzerinde bir veya daha fazla hidroksil grubu taşıyan yapılardır. Bu bileşiklerde karbon sayısına göre sınıflandırılmaktadır. Alkaloitler, bazik bileşikler içeren çeşitli bir azot grubudur.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Doğal Bitki Ürünleri, Terpenler, Alkaloitler, Fenolik Bileşikler

Secondary Metabolites

Secondary metabolites are organic compounds produced by microorganism or plant which are not directly involved in the growth, development, or reproduction of the organism. Secondary metabolites play an important role in plant defense against insects and microorganisms defenses. Humans use to secondary metabolites in medicines, flavorings, pigments, and perfumes. Also, the recent studies can conclude that secondary metabolites may be considered as effective COVID-19 antiprotease drugs. Plant secondary metabolites can be divided into three major classes as terpenes, phenolics and alkaloids. Classification of terpene is based on the number of isoprene units present in their structure. Phenolic compounds are structures bearing one or more hydroxyl groups on an aromatic ring structure. These compounds are classified according to number of carbon. Alkaloids are a diverse group of nitrogen-containing compounds.
Keywords:

Natural Plant Products, Terpenes, Alkaloids, Phenolic Compounds,

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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi-Cover
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 1982
  • Yayıncı: Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Gülsevim TİRİNG, Serdar SATAR, Okan ÖZKAYA