Yerel (Artvin-Şavşat) ve Tescilli Domates Çeşitlerinde Kuraklık Stresine Karşı Tolerans Seviyelerinin Araştırılması

Kuraklığın artmasıyla birlikte domates ürün kalitesinde ve ürün veriminde ciddi düşüşler meydana gelmektedir. Stresin sebep olduğu verim ve kalitedeki düşüşleri azaltmanın en önemli yollarından biri de bitkilerin kuraklıktan etkilenme şeklinin bilinmesi ve kuraklığa toleranslı çeşitlerin belirlenmesidir. Bu nedenle mevcut çalışmada Artvin-Şavşat (yerel) ve SC2121 (tescilli) domates çeşitlerinin farklı kuraklık uygulamalarına karşı oluşturdukları toleranslarının yanıtlarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, domates çeşitlerinde çimlenme oranı, kök uzunluğu, nispi su içeriği (NSİ), lipid peroksidasyonu (TBARS), hidrojen peroksit ($H_2O_2$), prolin, toplam klorofil ve karotenoid içerikleri gibi temel stres parametreleri incelenmiştir. Bulgulara göre, Şavşat ve SC2121 çeşitlerinde çimlenme oranı, kök boyu ve NSİ tüm polietilen glikol 6000 ($PEG_{6000}$) uygulamalarıyla birlikte kontrole kıyasla önemli derecede azaldığı ve bu azalışın Şavşat çeşidinde daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Şavşat ve SC2121’in TBARS ve $H_2O_2$ içeriklerinin artan PEG konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak önemli derecede arttığı, bu artışın Şavşat çeşidinde daha düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Prolin içeriği tüm PEG uygulamalarıyla birlikte her iki domates çeşidinde kontrole göre arttığı görülmüştür. Bu artışın ise Şavşat çeşidinde daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Domates çeşitlerinin toplam klorofil ve karotenoid içerikleri %10 PEG uygulamasıyla önemli derecede azaldığı ve bu azalışın Şavşat çeşidinde daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler ışığında, Artvin-Şavşat domates çeşidinin kuraklığa daha toleranslı olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Investigation of Tolerance Levels Against Drought Stress in Local (ArtvinŞavşat) and Registered Tomato Varieties

Remarkable decreases perform in tomato product quaility and product yield with the increasing of drought. One of the most important way to reduce the decreases in yield and quality caused by stress is to know the plants are affected by drought and to determine drought-tolerant cultivars. Therefore, in the present study, it was aimed to investigate the tolerances of Artvin-Şavşat (landrace) and SC2121 (commercial) tomato cultivars in different drought applications. For this purpose, changes in basic stress parameters such as germination rate, root length, relative water content (RWC), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$), proline, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were determined in tomato cultivars. According to the findings, it was determined that the germination rate, root length and RWC significantly decreased with all polyethylene glycol 6000 ($PEG_{6000}$) applications in Şavşat and SC2121 cultivars compared to the control, and the decrease was lower in Şavşat cultivar. It was detected that TBARS and $H_2O_2$ contents of Şavşat and SC2121 significantly increased due to increasing PEG concentration, and the increase was lower in Şavşat cultivar. It was observed that the proline content increased with all PEG applications in both tomato cultivars compared to the control. It was determined that the increase was lower in Şavşat cultivar. In the light of the obtained data, it was determined that SC2121 was drought-sensitive and Artvin-Şavşat tomato cultivar was more drought- tolerant.

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