Platin Grubu Metal İçeren Demir Matının Oksidatif Koşullarda Çözeltiye Alınmasının İncelenmesi

Özellikle kara taşıtlarında fosil bazlı yakıtların yakılması sonucu oluşan tehlikeli gazların (CO, NOx, hidrokarbon (HC)) daha az zararlı gazlara (CO2, N2, H2O) dönüştürülmesinde katalitik dönüştürücüler kullanılmaktadır. Bu kimyasal dönüşüm platin grubu metaller (PGM) varlığında çok kısa sürede yüksek verimle gerçekleşmektedir. Dünya’da PGM konusunda yaşanan arz-talep dengesizliği sebebiyle her türlü PGM ihtiva eden atıktan değerli metallerin geri kazanımı çok büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu bilimsel çalışmada, katalitik dönüştürücülerden katıkatı ekstraksiyon yoluyla PGM’lerin bünyesinde zenginleştirildiği demir matının çözeltiye alınma şartlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla hidroklorik asit varlığında farklı oksidanlar (ozon(O3) ve oksijen(O2)) kullanarak çözümlendirme şartları araştırılmıştır. En iyi deney şartlarının belirlenmesi için oksidan türü, oksidan miktarı, çözücü konsantrasyonu, karıştırma hızı ve reaksiyon sıcaklığı parametreleri incelenerek deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. %95 üzerinde verim; 5 gr örnek 4 M HCl 200 mL ile 50 mg O3/dakika ve 800 devir/dakika reaksiyon şartlarında 12 saat süre sonunda 60°C reaksiyon sıcaklığında elde edilebilmiştir. Deneylerin gerçekleştirildiği basamaklarda hammadde XRD analizi ile karakterize edilerek deneyde kullanılan hammaddenin yapısı aydınlatılmıştır. Çözünmeden geri kalan malzeme SEM-EDS yöntemi karakterize edilerek liç işlemi sonrası kalan yapı belirlenmiştir.Anahtar kelimeler: Demir matı, çözümlendirme, oksidasyon, PGM.

Investigation of Iron Matte Containing PGMs Leaching under Oxidative Conditions

Catalytic converters are especially used to convert hazardous gases (CO, NOx, hydrocarbon (HC)) to less harmful gases (CO2, N2, H2O) resulting from the combustion of fossil based fuels used in vehicles. The high yield of these reactions are achieved in a very short period of time by the platinum group metals (PGM) These chemical transformations take place in a very short time as well as with high efficiency in the presence of platinum group metals (PGM). Recycling of precious metals from all kind waste containing PGM is very important because of the supply-demand unbalance. In this scientific study, the dissolution conditions of iron matte which was produced by applying solid-solid extraction of PGMs from catalytic converters, were investigated in the presence of hydrochloric acid with using various oxidants (ozone (O3) and oxygen (O2)). To determine the highest dissolution conditions, experimental studies were carried out by examining the oxidant type, oxidant quantity, solvent concentration, stirring speed and reaction temperature. At 95% dissolution yield was obtained using 5 g sample 200 mL of 4 M HCl with 50 mg O3/minute and 800 rpm at 60°C after 12 h. The chemical composition of raw material was characterized by using XRD and also SEM-EDS technique was used to identify the undissolved material.Keywords: Iron matte, dissolution, oxidation, PGM.

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