Hülya ÖZGÖNEN, Suat KAYMAK, Mesut İŞÇİ, Şerif ÖZGÖNEN

Determination of reaction levels of some apple genetic resources in Turkey to Apple scab (Venturia inaequalis (Cke.)

Türkiye'deki bazı elma genetik kaynaklarının Elma kara lekesi hastalığı (Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint.)'na karşı reaksiyon seviyelerinin belirlenmesiElma karaleke hastalığı Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint. elmanın önemli bir hastalığı olup, Türkiye'de önemli ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Hastalığa dayanıklı çeşitlerin kullanılması kimyasal savaşa göre alternatif bir metot olarak görülmektedir. Bu yüzden 2005-2009 yılları arasında Meyvecilik Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü elma genetik kaynakları parselinde bulunan 304 elma çeşit ve tipinin Elma Karaleke hastalığına karşı hassasiyetleri belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, elma çeşitleri içerisinde karalekeye dayanıklı çeşitlerin belirlenmesidir. Elma çeşitleri doğal inokulasyon şartlarında denemeye alınmış, enfeksiyon boyunca hiçbir fungisit uygulanmamıştır. Çalışma tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olacak şekilde planlanmış, hastalık şiddeti 0-4 skalasına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Reaksiyon seviyeleri; dayanıklı (%0-1 yaprak enfeksiyonu), az hassas (< %25 yaprak enfeksiyonu), hassas (%25-50 yaprak enfeksiyonu) ve yüksek hassas (> %50 yaprak enfeksiyonu) olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Yıllar arasında istatistikî açıdan fark bulunmamış olup, homojen bir dağılım gösterdiği belirlenmiş ve çeşitler arasındaki fark ise çok önemli bulunmuştur (P

Türkiye'deki bazı elma genetik kaynaklarının Elma kara lekesi hastalığı (Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint.)'na karşı reaksiyon seviyelerinin belirlenmesi

Apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint. is a serious fungal disease of apple and it causes important economic loss in Turkey. Cultivating disease-resistant varieties seems to be an alternative method to chemical control. Therefore, susceptibility to apple scab of 304 apple cultivars and types were evaluated in the Apple Genetic Sources and Collection Garden in the Eğirdir Fruit Research Institute during 2005-2009. The purpose of the study was to identify scab-resistant cultivars among the apple varieties. The apple varieties were tested under natural infection conditions. During the study, fungicides were not applied in the trial. Experiments were established according to completely randomized block design with three replicates. Infection ratios were evaluated according to 0-4 scale, including, resistant (0-1% leaf infection), less sensitive (< 25% leaf infection), sensitive (25-50% leaf infection) and more sensitive (> 50% leaf infection). There were not differences between years significantly, it showed homogenous dispersion and there was a significant difference between varieties. Thirty two cultivars showed no sign of leaf symptoms and another 47 cultivars showed only slight leaf symptoms against apple scab pathogen. A hundred and eighteen cultivars were less sensitive, 84 varieties and types were assessed as sensitive, and 23 varieties and types were assessed as more sensitive. The highest disease ratios were determined with the varieties E40, Eden Spur and Elite as 69.61%, 67.88% and 65.09%, respectively

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