Ayçiçeği mildiyösü etmeni Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni’nin Türkiye’deki ırklarının tespiti ve bazı ticari ayçiçeği çeşitlerinin bu ırklara karşı reaksiyonlarının belirlenmesi

Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni’nin neden olduğu Ayçiçeği mildiyösü Türkiye’de dahil olmak üzere dünyada ayçiçeğinin en önemli hastalığıdır. Çalışma kapsamında 2009-2015 yılında Türkiye’nin yoğun ayçiçeği tarımı yapılan Tekirdağ, Edirne, Kırklareli, Ankara, Bursa, Samsun, Tokat ve Adana illerinde sürveyler yapılmıştır. Sürveyler sırasında altmışbeş P. halstedii izolatı elde edilmiş ve saflaştırılmıştır. Irk farklılık seti kullanılarak patojenin dokuz farklı ırkı (100, 102, 110, 300, 500, 502, 510, 702, 712) tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen ırkların hepsi Türkiye için ilk kayıt niteliği taşırken ırk 102, 510 ve 110 Dünya için ilk kayıt niteliğindedir. Irkların %71’i ırk 100’e aittir. Ayçiçeği mildiyösünün farklı ırkları kullanılarak 19 adet ticari ayçiçeği çeşidinin de ırklara karşı reaksiyonları belirlenmiştir. Ticari ayçiçeği çeşitlerinin hiçbirisi P. halstedii’nin ırklarının tamamına karşı dayanıklılık göstermemiştir. Sırasıyla Sanbro 1, LG540HO 2, Sanbro MR 3 ve Sanay MR 3 ırka dayanıklılık gösterirken, LG5580 4 ırka dayanıklı olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Plasmopara halstedii, ırk, çeşitler, ayçiçeği

Determination of the races of Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni, the causal agent of sunflower downy mildew in Turkey and reactions of some commercial sunflower varieties against these races

Downy mildew of sunflower caused by Plasmopara halstedii, is the most important disease of sunflower throughout the world including Turkey. Within the scope of the study, surveys were performed in Tekirdağ, Edirne, Kırklareli, Ankara, Bursa, Samsun, Tokat and Adana provinces where sunflower is widely grown in the period of 2009-2015. During the surveys, sixty-five P. halstedii isolates were obtained and purified. Using the race differentials set, nine races of the pathogen (100, 102, 110, 300, 500, 502, 510, 702 and 712) were determined. All races determined are first records for Turkey, whereas the races 102, 510 and 110 are the first record for the world. Almost 71% percent of the races were belonged to race 100. The reactions of 19 commercial sunflower cultivars against P. halstedii were determined by using isolates representing different races of downy mildew. None of the commercial sunflower cultivars showed resistance against all the races of P. halstedii at the same time. Among varieties tested LG5580 was found to be resistant to four races, whereas Sanay MR, Sanbro MR, LG540HO, and Sanbro varieties were found to be 3,3,2 and 1 races, respectively.

Keywords:

Plasmopara halstedii, race, varieties, sunflower,

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