Görüntülerde İnsan Kulağı Tespit Ve Bölütlemesini Temel Alan Biyometrik Yetkilendirme Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Öz Günümüzde biyometrik kimlik belirleme ve yetkilendirme, güvenlik isterleri açısından oldukça önemli konulardır. Bu bakış açısıyla, insan yüzü, parmak izi ve diğer insan vücuduna ait bölgelere dair biyometrik bilgileri temel alan çalışmalarda ilgili bilgiye dayanılarak yapılan kişi tanıma ve yetkilendirmede başarımın yüksek olması beklenmektedir. Özellikle insandaki kulak bölgesi, görüntülerde kişiden kişiye ayırt edicilik adına sunduğu biyometrik bilgi nedeniyle araştırmacılar için önem kazanmaktadır. Bir çok araştırma faaliyetinde kulak bölgesinin anatomik yapısına dair özellikleri temel alan modeller kullanılmaktadır. Bu nedenle bir çok çalışmada, ilk adımda verilen görüntüde öncelikle insan cilt bölgesinin bölütlenmesine ve kulak bölgesinin konumunun tespit edilmesine, sonrasında ise, ikinci adımda görüntü içerisinden bu bölgenin tam olarak elde edilebilmesi için bölütleme yapılmasına başvurulmuştur. Bu aşamalardan sonra doğru bir tanıma ve yetkilendirme gerçekleştirmek mümkün olmaktadır. Çalışmamızda, 2004 ilâ 2015 yılları arasında literatürde yapılmış 37 farklı çalışma incelenerek, bunların karşılaştırılması ve elde edilen bulgular üzerinden değerlendirme yoluna gidilmiştir. Kulak biyometrisinin temel alındığı teknik ve yöntemler sunulmuştur. Bu çalışmalarda sıklıkla kullanılan kulak görüntü veritabanlarının detaylarına değinilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara dayanan sonuçlara da çalışmamızda yer verilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

bilişim sistemleri, kulak biyometrisi, bölütleme, tespit, görüntü işleme.

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