Lucia GALOVİČOVÁ, Natália ČMİKOVÁ, Veronika VALKOVÁ, Miroslava KAČÁNİOVÁ

Antibacterial activity of the vapor phase of Thymus mastichina essential oil

Essential oils have a diverse spectrum of biological activities, they are also low-toxic, and easily degradable in the human body. These properties make them suitable candidates for the protection and shelf-life extension of agricultural products. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of the vapor phase of Thymus mastichina essential oil against microorganisms on model fruit and vegetable crops. To compare the efficacy of vapor phase essential oil with contact application using the disc diffusion method against the tested microorganisms. Based on the methods we used, we concluded that Thymus mastichina essential has higher efficacy in a vapor application. For most of the tested microorganisms and on all the tested crops, the most significant inhibition was detected at the lowest tested concentration of 62.5 µL/L. Only moderate antimicrobial activity was detected in contact application and lower efficacy compared to antibiotics. These findings suggest that in the future Thymus mastichina essential oil could find application in crop storage to prevent crop deterioration due to microbial pathogens. Due to the need for low concentrations, it is assumed that the sensory properties of the crop for the consumer will not be affected. The replacement of synthetic fungicides and bactericides with natural alternatives could have a positive impact on the environment.

Keywords:

Thymus mastichina, essential oil, vapor phase, disc diffusion method,

PDF

___

ács, Kamilla, Balázs, Viktória L., Kocsıs, Béla, Bencsık, Tímea, Böszörményı, Andrea A Horváth, Györgyi, (2018). Antibacterial activity evaluation of selected essential oils in liquid and vapor phase on respiratory tract pathogens. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. prosinec 2018. Vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 227. DOI 10.1186/s12906-018-2291-9.
Aman, M, (2015). Antifungal activity of fungicides and plant extracts against yellow sigatoka disease causing Mycosphaerella musicola. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology. 2015. Vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 277–284. DOI 10.5943/cream/5/3/11.
Ballester-Costa, Carmen, Sendra, Esther, Fernández-López, Juana, Pérez-Álvarez, Jose A. A Vıuda-Martos, Manuel, (2013). Chemical composition and in vitro antibacterial properties of essential oils of four Thymus species from organic growth. Industrial Crops and Products. říjen 2013. Vol. 50, pp. 304–311. DOI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.07.052.
Dıng, Phebe A Lee, P, (2019). Use of essential oils for prolonging postharvest life of fresh fruits and vegetables. International Food Research Journal. 1 červen 2019. Vol. 26, pp. 363–366.
Faleıro, M.L., Mıguel, M.G., Ladeıro, F., Venancıo, F., Tavares, R., Brıto, J.C., Fıgueıredo, A.C., Barroso, J.G. A Pedro, L.G., (2003). Antimicrobial activity of essential oils isolated from Portuguese endemic species of Thymus. Letters in Applied Microbiology. leden 2003. Vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 35–40. DOI 10.1046/j.1472-765X.2003.01259.x.
Galovıčová, Lucia, Borotová, Petra, Valková, Veronika, Vukovıc, Nenad L., Vukıc, Milena, Štefánıková, Jana, Ďúranová, Hana, Kowalczewskı, Przemysław Łukasz, Čmıková, Natália A Kačánıová, Miroslava, (2021). Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil and Its Biological Activity. Plants. 19 září 2021. Vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 1959. DOI 10.3390/plants10091959.
Gutıérrez, Laura, Sánchez, Cristina, Batlle, Ramón A Nerín, Cristina, (2009). New antimicrobial active package for bakery products. Trends in Food Science & Technology. únor 2009. Vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 92–99. DOI 10.1016/j.tifs.2008.11.003.
Hosseını, Somaieh, Amını, Jahanshir, Saba, Mahmoud Koushesh, Karımı, Kaivan A Pertot, Ilaria, (2020). Preharvest and Postharvest Application of Garlic and Rosemary Essential Oils for Controlling Anthracnose and Quality Assessment of Strawberry Fruit During Cold Storage. Frontiers in Microbiology. 14 srpen 2020. Vol. 11, pp. 1855. DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01855.
Ishaq, Muhammad, Tahıra, Riffat, Jamal, Atif, Javed, Asif, Raja, Muhammad Usman A Munır, Anjum, (2017). Lemongrass Essential Oil as an Alternate Approach to manage Seed Associated Fungi of Wheat and Rice. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. online. 2017. [Viděno 23 červenec 2022]. DOI 10.17957/IJAB/15.0278.
Kačánıová, Miroslava, Terentjeva, Margarita, Galovıčová, Lucia, Ivanıšová, Eva, Štefánıková, Jana, Valková, Veronika, Borotová, Petra, Kowalczewskı, Przemysław Łukasz, Kunová, Simona, Felšöcıová, Soňa, Tvrdá, Eva, Žıarovská, Jana, Benda Prokeınová, Renáta A Vukovıc, Nenad, (2020). Biological Activity and Antibiofilm Molecular Profile of Citrus aurantium Essential Oil and Its Application in a Food Model. Molecules. 30 srpen 2020. Vol. 25, no. 17, pp. 3956. DOI 10.3390/molecules25173956.
Méndez-Tovar, I., Martín, H., Santıago, Y., Ibeas, A., Herrero, B. A Asensıo-S.-Manzanera, M. C., (2015). Variation in morphological traits among Thymus mastichina (L.) L. populations. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. prosinec 2015. Vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 1257–1267. DOI 10.1007/s10722-015-0229-3.
Palou, Lluís, (2018). Postharvest Treatments with GRAS Salts to Control Fresh Fruit Decay. Horticulturae. 23 listopad 2018. Vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 46. DOI 10.3390/horticulturae4040046.
Parıs, M.J., Ramírez-Corona, N., Palou, E. a López-Malo, A., (2020). Modelling release mechanisms of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) essential oil encapsulated in alginate beads during vapor-phase application. Journal of Food Engineering. říjen 2020. Vol. 282, pp. 110024. DOI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110024.
Rodrıgues, Márcio, Lopes, Ana Clara, Vaz, Filipa, Fılıpe, Melanie, Alves, Gilberto, Rıbeıro, Maximiano P., Coutınho, Paula A Araujo, André R. T. S., (2020). Thymus mastichina: Composition and Biological Properties with a Focus on Antimicrobial Activity. Pharmaceuticals. 19 prosinec 2020. Vol. 13, no. 12, pp. 479. DOI 10.3390/ph13120479.
Taghoutı, Meriem, Martıns-Gomes, Carlos, Schäfer, Judith, Santos, João A., Bunzel, Mirko, Nunes, Fernando M. A Sılva, Amélia M, (2019). Chemical Characterization and Bioactivity of Extracts from Thymus mastichina: A Thymus with a Distinct Salvianolic Acid Composition. Antioxidants. 31 prosinec 2019. Vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 34. DOI 10.3390/antiox9010034.
Talıbı, I., Askarne, L., Boubaker, H., Boudyach, E.H., Msanda, F., Saadı, B. A Aıt Ben Aoumar, A., (2012). Antifungal activity of some Moroccan plants against Geotrichum candidum, the causal agent of postharvest citrus sour rot. Crop Protection. květen 2012. Vol. 35, pp. 41–46. DOI 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.12.016.