Polikistik Over Sendromu ve Beslenme

Polikistik over sendromu (PKOS), hiperandrojenizm, insülin direnci, adet düzensizliği, infertilite, hirşutizm ve abdominal obezite ile karakterize endokrin bir hastalıktır. Obezite ile PKOS arasında güçlü bir bağ bulunmaktadır. Vücut ağırlığının %5-10 oranında azalmasıyla hormon düzeylerinde düzelme sağlanmaktadır. Tedavide, medikal ajanlara ek olarak beslenme tedavisi ve yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri sağlanmalıdır. PKOS’lu kadınların %50’den fazlası hafif şişman veya şişman olduğundan tedavinin ilk basamağı vücut ağırlığı kaybına yönelik olmalıdır. Beslenme tedavisinde kan glukozunun düzenlenmesi için öğün sayısının arttırılmasında yarar vardır. Diyetin basit karbonhidrat içeriği azaltılarak düşük glisemik indeksli bir diyet uygulanmalıdır. Ayrıca günlük alınan enerjinin %55-60’ı karbonhidrat, %15-20’si protein, %30’dan azı yağ ve bunun %10’dan azı doymuş yağlardan sağlanmalıdır. Omega-3 yağ asidinin diyette arttırılmasının insülin direncini, androjen salınımını azalttığı ve hastalığın seyrini olumlu yönde etkilediği bilinmektedir. Sonuç olarak, hastalığın tedavisinde ilk basamak olan vücut ağırlığı kaybının ve kontrolünün sağlanabilmesi için sağlıklı beslenmenin yaşam tarzına dönüştürülmesi gerekmektedir.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Nutrition

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), is an endocrine disease characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, menstrual dysfunction, infertility, hirsutism and abdominal obesity. There is a strong association between PCOS and obesity. The level of various hormones is improved by 5-10% loss of total body weight. In the treatment of PCOS, the dietary and lifestyle interventions should be achieved in addition to the medical treatment. The first step of the treatment should be body weight loss due to more than 50% of women with PCOS are overweight or obese. It is beneficial to increase the number of meals to control blood glucose level as a dietary intervention. While simple carbohydrate content of the diet should be reduced, the diet consisting of foods with low glycemic index should be planned. Additionally, 55-60% of daily energy intake should be from carbohydrates, 15-20% from proteins and less than 30% from fats, and 10% from saturated fats. It is reported that increasing the dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids lowers the insulin resistance, decreases the level of the androgen hormones and affects the prognosis of the disease positively. As conclusion, to achieve body weight loss and control weight, as the first steps of the treatment, healthy nutritional habits should be a part of lifestyle.

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