Aile Sağlığı Elemanlarının Kronik Hastalıklara Yönelik Uygulamaları Kronik Hastalıklara Yönelik Uygulamaları: Bilgilendirme, Eğitim, İzlem ve Yönlendirme Faaliyetleri

Amaç: Araştırma aile sağlığı elemanlarının sık görülen kronik hastalıklara yönelik uygulama ve yaklaşımlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı türdeki bu araştırma 2021 yılında 101 aile sağlığı elemanıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Aile sağlığı elemanlarının %20.8’i sağlıklı bireyleri diyabet riski açısından değerlendirip aile hekimine yönlendirmekte; %32.7’si diyabet haricinde herhangi bir kronik hastalığı bulunan bireyleri diyabet riski açısından değerlendirmemekte ve aile hekimine yönlendirmemekte; %77.2’si kendilerine başvuran tüm gebeleri gebelik diyabeti açısından değerlendirip glikoz tolerans testi ölçümü için aile hekimine yönlendirmekte; %47.5’i çocukluk çağı diyabet öyküsü olan tüm bireyleri diyabet izlemi açısından değerlendirmekte ve glikoz tolerans testi ölçümleri için aile hekimine yönlendirmekte; %34.7’si tüm sağlıklı bireylerin sistolik ve diastolik değerlerini en az 1 kere ölçmekte; %40.6’sı ise adölesan bireyleri adölesan dönem HT açısından değerlendirmeyip aile hekimine yönlendirmemekte; %32.7’si kendilerine başvuran yüksek kolesterol riski olan bireylerin yarısından fazlasını sağlıklı beslenme, %31.7’si fiziksel aktivite hakkında bilgilendirmektedir. Aile sağlığı elemanlarının %33.7’si sağlıklı bireylerin yarısından çoğunun en az 1 kez Beden Kitle İndeksini (BKİ) ve herhangi bir kronik hastalığı bulunan bireylerin BKİ’sini değerlendirmektedir. Sonuç: Aile Sağlığı elemanlarının kronik hastalıkları önleme ve mücadelede temel rol ve sorumlulukları arasında yer alan bilgilendirme, eğitim, izlem ve yönlendirme faaliyetlerinin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Aile sağlığı elemanlarının sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları kazandırma ve davranış değişikliğini takip etme bakımından teşvik edilmesi ve katılımı sağlayacak politikalar geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Aile Sağlığı Elemanı, Kronik Hastalıklar, Hastalık Yönetimi, Beden Kütle İndeksi, Diyabet, Kanser, Yüksek Tansiyon

Practices of Family Health Staff for Chronic Diseases: Information, Education, Follow-up, and Guidance Activities

Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine the practices and approaches of family health workers in managing chronic illness. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted descriptively in 2021 with 101 family health workers. Results: According to findings, 20.8% of family health workers screen healthy individuals for diabetes risk and refer them to family physicians; 32.7% do not assess individuals with a chronic disease other than diabetes for diabetes risk and do not refer them to the family physician; 77.2% screen all pregnant women who refer to them for gestational diabetes and refer them to the family physician for glucose tolerance testing; 47.5% screen all individuals with a history of childhood diabetes for diabetes and refer them to their family physician for measurement of the glucose tolerance test; 34.7% measure systolic and diastolic values of all healthy individuals at least once; 40.6% do not assess adolescent individuals for adolescent hypertension and do not refer them to a family physician; 32.7% inform more than half of those at high risk for cholesterol about healthy eating, and 31.7% inform more than half about physical activity; 33.7% determine the body mass index (BMI) of more than half of healthy individuals and the BMI of individuals with a chronic disease at least once. Conclusion: It is necessary to improve the activities of informing, educating, monitoring, and referring, which are among the fundamental roles and responsibilities of family health workers in preventing and combating chronic diseases. Policies should be developed to encourage and engage individuals in acquiring healthy lifestyle behaviors and behavior change.

Keywords:

Family Health Worker, Chronic Diseases, Disease Management, Body Mass Index, Diabetes, Cancer, High Blood Pressure,

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