Şeftali Islahı ve gelişimi

Şeftali, ıslah çalışmaları en yoğun olan meyve türlerinden biridir. Kültür tarihi M.Ö. 3000 yıllarına dayanmasına rağmen, 20. yüzyılda bu alanda büyük ilerleme kaydedilmiştir. Günümüzde, ıslah amaçları düşük soğuklama ihtiyacı, meyve kalitesi ve yeni meyve tipleri, ağaç habitüsü, adaptasyon ile hastalık ve zararlılara dayanıklılık konusunda yoğunlaşmış durumdadır. Bu çalışmalarda Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) başta olmak üzere Fransa, İtalya ve İspanya söz sahibi ülkelerdir. Ülkemiz dünyada önemli üretici ülkelerden biri olmasına karşın, ıslah çalışmaları, adaptasyon denemelerinden ileriye gidememiştir. Türkiyede yeni çeşit geliştirmek amacıyla, yakın zamanda başlamış olan melezleme çalışmaları sürdürülmektedir.

Peach breeding and progress

The peach is one of fruit species to have done the most intense of the breeding work. Although based on a history of peach culture 3000 BC, peach breeding improved in 20thcentury. Nowadays, the main objectives of peach breeding is concentrated in low chilling requirements, fruit quality and fruit types, tree habit, adaptability, disease and pest resistance. In these studies, the USA being the global leader has followed by France, Italy and Spain. Although our country is one of the major world producers of peaches, peach breeding in Turkey lagged behind those of many world countries. In order to develop a new kind genotype, hybridization studies which started recently have been maintained in Turkey.

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