Hayat TOPÇU, Mustafa AYSAN, Duygu AYVAZ SÖNMEZ, Ebru KAFKAS², Salih KAFKAS

DOKU KÜLTÜRÜ YÖNTEMİYLE ELDE EDİLEN ÇİLEK BİTKİLERİNİN İSMİNE DOĞRULUKLARININ MOLEKÜLER YÖNTEMLERLE BELİRLENMESİ

Çileğin doku kültürü yöntemleri kullanılarak çoğaltılması son yıllarda önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Özellikle fide üretimi amaçlı in vitro koşullarda üretilen bitkilerin ismine doğruluğu büyük önem arz etmektedir. Moleküler markör yöntemleri kullanılarak laboratuvarda üretilen bitkilerin ismine doğrulukları teşhis edilebilmektedir. Bu araştırmada, ülkemizde ve Yaltır A.Ş.'de yetiştiriciliği yoğun olarak yapılan çilek çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Doku kültürü laboratuvarında üretimi yapılan bitkiler dış ortama adapte edildikten sonra SSR moleküler markör tekniği kullanılarak ismine doğrulukları belirlenmiştir

IDENTIFICATION OF GENETIC STABILITY OF STRAWBERRY PLANTS DERIVED BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES

IDENTIFICATION OF GENETIC STABILITY OF STRAWBERRY PLANTS DERIVED BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES Propagation of strawberries using tissue culture techniques has been increased significantly in recent years. The production of truth the name of the strawberry plants by in vitro technique has a great importance for nurseries. Truth the name strawberry plants can be identified using molecular marker methods in the laboratory. In this study, the major cultivars which are grown in our country and Yaltır private company were used as plant sources. The strawberry plants were propagated using tissue culture technique and their truth the name characteristics were detected after transplanted in vivo conditions using SSR molecular markers techniques

PDF

___

1. Abramenko, N. M., 1983. A Rapid Method of Strawberry Propagation by Meristem Culture in vitro. In Progresivni Smery V Ovocnarske Vyrobe Holovousy, Czechoslovakia; Vyzkumny A Slechtitelsky Ustav Ovocnarsky, 209–212. Hort. Abstr., 53: 5775.
2. Adak, N., M. Pekmezci ve H. Gübbük, 2005. ‘Oso Grande’ Çilek Çeşidinin Meristem Kültürü ile Çoğaltılması Üzerinde Araştırmalar. GAP IV. Tarım Kongresi, Şanlıurfa, ss.212–218.
3. Adak, N., 2010. Camarosa Çilek Çeşidinde Değişik EC Düzeylerinin Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri. Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Derim Dergisi 27(2):22-33.
4. Anderson, H. M., A. J. Abbott and S. Wilshire, 1982. Micropropagation of Strawberryplants: in vitro Effect of Growth Regulators on Incidence of Multi–Apex Abnormality. Sci. Hort. 16:331- 341.
5. Bairu, M. W., A. O. Aremu and J. Van Staden, 2011. Somaclonal Variation in Plants: Causes and Detection Methods. Plant Growth Regul. 63:147–173.
6. Biswas, M. K., M. Dutt, U. K. Roy, R. Islam and M. Hossain, 2009. Development and Evaluation of in vitro Somaclonal Variation in Strawberry for Improved Horticultural Traits. Scientia Horticulturae, 122(3):409–416.
7. Bonga, J. M. and D. J. Durzan, 1987. Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry. Vol. 1. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff.
8. Cipriani, G. and R. Testolın, 2004. Isolation and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci in Fragaria. Moleculer Ecology Notes, 4:366–368.
9. Debergh, P. C. and P. E. Read, 1990. Micro Propagation. In:P.C. Debergh, R.H. Zimmerman Eds. Micropropagation, Technology and Application. Dordrecht, Boston, London: Kluwer Academic: 1-13.
10.Doyle, J. J. and J. L. Doyle, 1987. A Rapid Isolation Procedure for Small Quantities of Fresh Leaf Tissue. Phytochemical Bulletin. 19: 11–15.
11.Ergül, 2000. Asmalarda (Vitis vinifera L. cvs.) Genomic DNA Parmak İzi Analizi ile Moleküler Karakterizasyon (Doktora Tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
12.Evans, D. A., W. R. Sharp, H. P. Medina–Filho, 1984. Somaclonal and Gametoclonal Variation. Am J Bot 71:759–774.
13.Gaafar, R. M. and M. M. Saker, 2006. Monitoring of Cultivars Identity and Genetic Stability in Strawberry Varieties Grown in Egypt. World J. Agric. Sci. 2(1):29:36.
14.Gıl–Arıza, D. J., I. Amaya, M. A. Botella, J. Munoz Blanco, L. Cabellero, J. M. Lopez– Aranda, V. Valpuesta and F. Sanchez Sevılla, 2006. Est–Derived Polymorphic Micro satellites from Cultivated Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) are Useful for Diversity Studies and Varietal Identification among Fragaria Species. Moleculer Ecology Notes, 6:1195–1197.
15.Goulao, L. and C. M. Olıveıra, 2001. Molecular Characterization of Cultivars of Apple (Malus× domestica Borkh.) Using Microsatellite (SSR and ISSR) Markers. Euphytica, 122: 81–89.
16.Gönülşen, N., 1987. Bitki Doku Kültürleri Yöntemleri ve Uygulama Alanları. Ege Tar. Araş. Enst. Müd. Yayın No: 78, s, 137, İzmir.
17.Gönülşen, N., K. Önal, E. Özsezgin, A. Tanrısever ve S. Erkan, 1992. Çileklerin Hızlı Üretimi ve Virüslerden Arındırılması ‘Bitki Doku Kültürü’ Yöntemlerinden Yararlanma İmkanları. Türkiye I. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi, Cilt:1, S.333–336, İzmir.
18.Grout, B., J. Morris and M. Mclellan, 1990. Cryopreservation and the Maintenance of Cell Lines. Trends in Biotechnology, 8, 293–297.
19.Gülşen, O. ve N. Mutlu, 2005. Bitki Biliminde Kullanılan Genetik Markırlar ve Kullanım Alanları. Alatarım, 4(2):27–37 27.
20.Hadonou, A. M., D. J. Sargent, F. Wılson, C. M. James and D. W. Simpson, 2004. Devolopment of Microsatellite Markers in Fragaria, Their Use Genetic Diversity Analysis and Their Potential for Genetic Linkage Mapping. Genome, 47:429–438.
21.Heinz, B. and J. Schmidt, 1995. Monitoring Genetic Fidelity vs Somaclonal Variation in Norway spruce (Picea abies) somatic embryogenesis by RAPD analysis. Euphytica 85:341-345.
22.Jain, S. M. and D. S. Brar, 1998. Ahloowalia, B. S. Somaclonal Variation and Induced Mutations in Crop Improvement. Dordrecht, Boston, London: Kluwer Academic.
23.Kafkas, S., H. Özkan and M. Sütyemez, 2005. DNA Polymorphism and Assessment of Genetic Relationships in Walnut Genotypes Based on Aflp and Sampl Markers. J. Amer Soc. Hort. Sci. 130(4):585–590.
24.Karadoğan, T., 1994. Patateste Doku Kültürünün Kullanım Alanları ve Uygulanması. Atatürk Ü. Zir. Fak. Der. 25(2):275–290
25.Karp, A. and S. W. J. Bright, 1985. On The Causes and Origins of Somaclonal Variation. Oxf. Surv. Plant Mol. Cell Biol. 2:199-234.
26.Mansuroğlu, S. ve E. Gürel, 2001. Mikroçoğaltım. Bitki Biyoteknolojisi I. Doku Kültürü ve Uygulamaları. M.Babaoğlu, E.Gürel, ve S.Özcan (edt.) 374 s.262–281.
27.Martinelli, A., 1992. Micropropagation of Strawberry (Fragaria spp.). In: Bajaj, Y. P. S., Ed. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, Vol.18. Hightech and Micropropagation II. New York: Springer Verlag; 1992:354-370.
28.Mohammed, A. E., 2007. Somaclonal Variation in Micro–Propagated Strawberry Detected at the Molecular Level. International Jurnal Agriculture and Biology, 5721–5725.
29.Murashige, T. and F. Skoog, 1962. A revised Medium for Rapid Growth and Biossays with Tobacco Tissue Cultures. Physiol. Plant, 15:473–497.
30.Navatel, J. C., G. Varachaud, P. Roudeillac, and A. Barbet, 1985. Comportmenta gronomique De Plantes Dont Les Pieds Meres Ant Ete Obtenus Par Multiplication in vitro Par Rapport Ou Material Classique. Bellegarde: Ciref–Ctifl Cent Balandran.
31.Pierik, R. L. M., 1991. In: Prakash, J. and R.L.M. Pierik (Eds.), Horticulture New Technologies and Application, pp:141–53. Kluwer Acad Publication Dordrecht, the Netherlands
32.Popov, Y. U. G. and V. B. Trushechkin, 1975. Raising Strawberry Plants by Means of İsolated Shoot Tipes. Sbornik Nauchnykh Rabot, Nauchno–Issledovatel’skikk Zonal’nyi Institat Sadevodstva Nechemozemnoi Polosy 4, 184– 194. Hort. Abstr., 45: 175.
33.Powell, W., G. C Macharay and J. Provan, 1996. Polymorphism Revealed by Simple Sequence Repeats. Trends Plant Genet. 1(7):215–222.
34.Powell, W., M. Morgante, C. Andre, M. Hanafey, J. Vogel, S. Tıngey and A. Rafalskı, 1996. The Comparison of RFLP, RAPD, AFLP VE SSR (Microsatellite) Markers for Germplasm Analysis. Molecular Breeding, 2: 225–38.
35.Powell, W., G. C. Machray and J. Provan, 1996. Polymorphism Revealed by Simple Sequence Repeats. Trends in Plant Science, 1(7):215–221.
36.Rani, V., A. Parida and S. N. Raina, 1995. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers for Genetic Analysis in Micropropagated Plants of Populus Deltoides Marsh. Plant Cell Rep. 14:459-462.
37.Rani, V. and S. N. Raina, 1998. Genetic Analysis of Enhanced Axillary Branching Derived Eucalyptus Tereticornis and E. Camaldulensis Plants. Plant Cell Rep. 17:236- 242.
38.Rani, V. and S. N. Raina, 2000. "Genetic Fidelity of Organized Meristem–Derived Micropropagated Plants: A Critical Reappraisal" In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology– Plant 36.5:319–330.
39.Sargent, D. J., A. M. Hodonou and D. W. Sımpson, 2003. Devolopment and Characterization of Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers from Fragaria viridis, A Wild Diploid Strawberry. Molecular Ecology Notes, 3:550- 552
40.Schoofs, J., 1992. In: Baker, F. W. G. (ed.), Rapid Propagation of Fast Growing Woody Species, pp: 29–40. CAB International, Oxon, U.K.
41.Schuelke, M., 2000. An Economic Method for the Fluorescent Labeling of PCR Fragments. Nature Biotechnolgy, 18:233–234.
42.Scowcroft, W. R., 1985. Somaclonal Variation: The Myth of Clonal Uniformity. In: Hohn, B.; Dennis, E. S., Eds. Genetic Flux in Plants. Berlin: Springerverlag; 1985:217-245.
43.Shenoy V. B. and I. K. Vasil, 1992. Biochemical and Molecular Analysis of Plants Derived from Embryogenic Tissue Cultures of Napier Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum K. Schum). Theor. and Appl. Genet., 83:947–952.
44.Shımomura, K. and K. Hırashıma, 2006. Devolopment and Characterization of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) As Markers to Identfy Strawberry Cultivars (Fragaria×ananassa). Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 75(5):399–402.
45.Sönmez, A. D. ve E. Kafkas, 2012. ‘Festival’ Çilek Çeşidinde Farklı Karbon Kaynaklarının in vitro Koşullarda Kardeşlenme ve Köklenme Üzerine Etkisi. IV. Ulusal Üzümsü Meyveler Sempozyumu, Antalya. s.30.
46.Swartz, H. J., G. J. Galleta and R. H. Zimmerman, 1981. Field Performance and Phenotypic Stability of Tissue Culture– Propagated Strawberries. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 106:667-673.