Sporcular arasında anabolik androjenik steroid ve efedrin kullanımı

Amaç: Anabolik androjenik steroid ilaçlar (AAS) ve efedrin sporcular arasında atletik performansı veya fiziksel görünümü güçlendirmek için kullanılmaktadır. Bu ilaçların kullanımı bir çok ciddi tıbbi ve psikiyatrik soruna yol açabilir. Bu çalışmanın birincil amacı sporcular arasında AAS ve efedrin kullanım oranını belirlemek ve ikinci olarak AAS ve efedrin kullananların sosyodemografik, bağımlık ve kötüye kullanım özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Yöntem: Çalışmaya Trakya Üniversitesinden ve özel spor kulüplerinden toplam 242 sporcu katılmıştır. Katılımcılar sosyodemografik, bağımlılık ve ilaç kötüye kullanımına ait öz bildirim sorularını yanıtlamışlardır. AAS ve efedrin kullanıcılarının son 1 yıldaki özelliklerinin belirlenmesi için DSM-IV ilaç kötüye kullanım ve bağımlılık tanı ölçütleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Son bir yıl içinde 27 sporcu (%11.2) AAS ve efedrin kullanmıştır. AAS ve efedrin kullananların 6'sı kadındır ve 6'sı halen aktif kullanıcıdır. AAS ve efedrin içeren ilaçları kullanan sporcuların 1/3'ü en az bir DSM-IV bağımlılık ve kötüye kullanım tanı ölçütünü karşılamıştır. Güreş ve vücut geliştirme sporu yapanların AAS ve efedrin içeren ilaçları diğer spor branşlarına göre daha fazla kullandıkları görülmüştür. Kendini depresif hissetme ile karakterize yoksunluk belirtisi en sık bildirilen bulgudur. AAS ve efedrin kullanan sporcuların %77'si eğitimci önerisi ile bu ilaçları kullandıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Sonuç: Bölgemizde AAS ve efedrin içeren ilaçlar sporcular arasında sık kullanılmaktadır. Bu ilaçları kullanan sporcular arasında bağımlılık ve kötüye kullanım sorunları olabilir.

Anabolic-androgenic-steroid and ephedrine use among sportsmen

Objective: Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) and ephedrine are used to enhance athletic performance or physical appearance among sportsmen. The use of these drugs can produce serious adverse medical and psychiatric effects. The primary purpose of the present study was to determine the rate of AAS and ephedrine containing drug use in sportsmen; and secondarily, to identify the sociodemographic features, dependence and abuse characteristics in AAS and ephedrine users.Methods: In the city of Edirne, twohundred fortytwo sportsmen at Trakya University Sport Academy and sportsmen attending private gymnasiums were included in the study. Subjects completed a self report questionnaire for sociodemographic features, drug abuse and dependence characteristics. DSM-IV research criteria of drug abuse and dependence were used to identify the characteristics of AAS and ephedrine users over the preceding year. Results: The results showed that 27 (11%) of the sportsmen had used AAS and ephedrine within the last 1 year. Of the 27 drug users, 6 of them were female and 6 of them were still using drugs at the time of the interview. One third of the users of AAS and drugs containing ephedrine met at least one DSM-IV research criteria for dependence and abuse. AAS and ephedrine use were more prevalent in wrestlers and body builders compared to other sportsmen. Withdrawal was the most frequently reported symptom and this symptom was characterized mainly by the presence of depressive moods. 77% of the drug users reported that they had begun to use these drugs at the behest of their trainers. Conclusion: AAS and ephedrine containing drugs use was shown to have become widespread among sportsmen in the city of Edirne. The use of these drugs may induce abuse and dependence problems among the sportsmen.

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