Suçluluk ve Utanca Yatkınlığı Ayırt Edebilir Miyiz?: Terapötik Öneriler

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bireylerin suçluluk ve utanç eğilimlerine göre tepkilerinin ve beklentilerinin ayırt edilip edilemeyeceğini test etmektir. Bu amaçla 348 katılımcıya iki kısa hikâye ve ilgili sorular sunulmuştur. Katılımcılar suçluluk-utanç puanlarına göre (yüksek utanç-düşük suçluluk, yüksek suçluluk düşük utanç, yüksek suçluluk-yüksek utanç, düşük suçluluk-düşük utanç) dört gruba ayrılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular Tematik Analiz ile niteliksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Buna göre, her grubun duygusal ve davranışsal tepki profilleri ve diğerlerinden beklentilerine ilişkin genel bir bakış elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, her grubun etkileşimler sırasında gözlemlenebilecek bazı belirli özelliklerinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışma bulgularına dayanarak terapistlere danışanların gruplarını kolayca tespit edebilmeleri için bazı ipuçları verilmiş ve danışanlarla daha iyi bir uyum geliştirmelerine yardımcı olacak önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Ayrıca literatürde hep utancın suçluluk üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerine dikkat çekilmiştir ancak bu çalışmanın sonuçları, suçluluğun da utanç üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi olabileceğine dair bulgu sunmaktadır. Bununla bağlantılı olarak, yüksek suçluluk ve yüksek utancın birleşimi işlev bozucu olmayabilir ve bu bulgular alanda yeni çalışmalara ilham olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

suçluluk, utanç, tematik analiz, psikoterapi, nitel

Can We Distinguish Guilt Proneness and Shame Proneness?: Therapeutic Suggestions

The aim of the current study was to distinguish the reactions and expectations of individuals on the basis of their guilt- and shame-proneness. For this purpose, two vignettes and related questions were presented to the 348 participants. Participants were assigned into four groups according to their guilt shame scores (i.e., high shame-low guilt, high guilt-low shame, high guilt-high shame, low guilt-low shame). The obtained inquiry was analyzed qualitatively with Thematic Analysis. Accordingly, the emotional and behavioral reaction profiles of each group and an overview of their expectations from others were obtained. Results showed that there are some specific features of each group that can be observed during interactions. Based on the findings, some tips were provided to the therapists to identify the groups of individuals easily and suggestions were given based on participants’ expectations to develop a better rapport with the clients. Although existing research generally has focused on the negative effects of shame on guilt; the results of the present study provided evidence that guilt might also have a positive effect on shame. Accordingly, the combination of high guilt and high shame may not be counterproductive, and these findings may lead to new insights into the studies in the field.

Keywords:

guilt, shame, psychotherapy, thematic analysis, qualitative,

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