Elif KILIÇ DELİCE, Tuba ADAR, Şeyma EMEÇ, Gökay AKKAYA

Türkiyedeki Hidroelektrik Santrallerin Etkinliklerinin Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) ile Değerlendirilmesi

Fosil enerji kaynaklarının rezervlerinin sınırlı olması, çevre sorunlarına, dışa bağımlılıkta ekonomik ve siyasi nedenlere yol açması ve fiyat istikrarsızlıkları gibi nedenlerden dolayı yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları kullanımı gittikçe artmaktadır. Hidroelektrik enerji temiz ve yenilenebilir bir enerji kaynağıdır. Bu enerji Türkiye’nin en büyük yenilenebilir enerji potansiyeline sahip olan bir kaynaktır. Hidroelektrik santraller (HES) ise, suyun akış enerjisinden faydalanılarak, elektrik enerjisi elde etmek için kurulan santrallerdir. Türkiye’de tüketilen enerjinin yaklaşık %20,81’inin HES’lerden karşılanması bu enerji kaynağını daha da önemli hale getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki kurulu 51 adet HES’in etkinlikleri Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, üç girdi iki çıktı değişkeni belirlenmiştir. Etkinlik ölçümü, Charnes, Cooper ve Rhodes'un geliştirdiği CCR modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. VZA yöntemiyle, etkin olmayan santrallerin etkinlik sınırına ulaşabilmeleri için girdi ve çıktı değişkenlerinde gerçekleştirmeleri gereken iyileştirme oranları saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada, Türkiye toplam kurulu gücünün %32'sine sahip HES’lerin etkinlikleri VZA modeli kullanılarak ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Uygulamada VZA modeli 51 adet HES için ayrı ayrı çalıştırılmış ve GAMS paket programı kullanılarak modeller çözülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde, HES’lerin %19,61’inin etkin bir şekilde çalıştığı gözlenmiştir. Etkin olmayan HES’ler için ise geliştirmeye yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.

Efficiency Assessment of Hydroelectric Power Plant in Turkey by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

Renewable energy resources are being increasingly used, because reserves of fossil energy sources are limited, they lead toenvironmental problems, economic and political reasons in foreign dependency and price instabilities. Hydroelectric power is a cleanand renewable energy source. This power is a source having Turkey’s largest renewable energy potential. Hydroelectric power plants(HEPP) are the plants constructed to use the flow energy of water and to produce electricity. This energy source becomes even moreimportant, since approximately 20.81% of the energy consumed in Turkey is met by HEPPs. In this study, the efficiency assessment of51 HEPPs constructed in Turkey was carried out by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). In accordance with this purpose, three inputvariables and two output variables were defined. Efficiency-measurement was performed using CCR model developed by Charnes,Cooper and Rhodes. The improvement rates that inefficient power plants should perform input and output variables in order to reachthe efficiency limit, were determined by DEA method. Therefore, the efficiency of HEPPs with 32% of Turkey’s total installed powerwas tried to measure using DEA model in this study. In the application, DEA model was used separately for 51 HEPPs and the modelswere solved using GAMS package program. When the results obtained were examined, it was observed that 19,61% of HEPPs wereoperating effectively. Suggestions for improvement were offered for inefficient HEPPs.

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