Türk Trafik İşareti Tanıma: Eğitim Adım Sayıları ve Aydınlatma Koşullarının Karşılaştırılması

Yollardaki araç sayısının her geçen gün artmasıyla birlikte trafik işaretleri her geçen gün daha da önem kazanmaktadır. Trafik işaretleri basit ve anlaşılması kolay olmasına rağmen, sıkışık trafikte sürücüler bunları gözden kaçırabilir. Milisaniyelerin bile kazaları önlemede büyük fark yarattığını göz önünde bulundurarak, sürücüye trafik işaretleri konusunda yardımcı olacak bir sistemin olmasının büyük bir fayda sağlayacağı oldukça açıktır. Bunun için bir trafik işareti tanıma sisteminin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu makalede, Daha Hızlı R-CNN algoritması kullanılarak bir Türk trafik işareti tespit ve tanıma sisteminin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Önerilen çözüm, TensorFlow çerçevesi ile nesne algılama modelini eğitmek için Daha Hızlı R-CNN Inception-v2-COCO'yu kullanır. Modelin eğitilmesi için 54 sınıf ve 10842 adet Türk trafik işareti görüntüsünü içeren yeni bir veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Modelin eğitimi sırasıyla 51.217 ve 200.000 eğitim adım numaraları ile iki kez gerçekleştirilir. Daha sonra bu iki model kullanılarak gündüz ve gece çekilen 10 adet Türk trafik işareti görüntüsü tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuçlar, önerilen modellerin 51.217 eğitim adımıyla eğitildiğinde ortalama hassasiyetin %67,2 ve ortalama hatırlamanın %78,3 olduğunu göstermektedir; Öte yandan, model 200.000 eğitim adımıyla eğitildiğinde ortalama hassasiyet %76'ya ve ortalama hatırlamanın da %82,8'e yükselir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Türk Trafik İşaretleri, Trafik İşareti Tanıma, Daha Hızlı R-CNN, Nesne Algılama, TensorFlow

Turkish Traffic Sign Recognition: Comparison of Training Step Numbers and Lighting Conditions

With the ever increasing number of vehicles on the roads, traffic signs are becoming more and more important every passing day. Despite the fact that traffic signs are simple and easy to understand, in congested traffic drivers may miss them. Considering that even milliseconds can make a huge difference in preventing accidents, it would make a big help if a system could assist the driver with traffic signs. In order to achieve this, a traffic sign recognition system needs to be implemented. Accordingly, this study aims to develop a Turkish traffic sign detection and recognition system using the Faster R-CNN algorithm. The proposed solution utilizes TensorFlow framework and specifically makes use of the Faster R-CNN Inception-v2-COCO to train the object detection model. For training purposes, indigenous dataset is created containing 54 classes and 10842 Turkish traffic sign images. The training process of the model is carried out twice with step numbers 51,217 and 200,000, respectively. Then, these two models are used to detect 10 Turkish traffic sign images taken both daytime and nighttime. The results indicate that the proposed system’s average precision is 67.2% and average recall is 78.3% when trained with 51,217 steps; on the other hand, the average precision increases to 76% and average recall to 82.8% when trained with 200,000 steps.

Keywords:

Turkish Traffic Signs, Traffic Sign Recognition, Faster R-CNN, Object Detection, TensorFlow,

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