Matlab/Simulink ile Bipolar ve Unipolar PWM Kontrol Tekniklerinin Karşılaştırmalı Olarak İncelenmesi

Farklı kaynaklardan elde edilen DC gücü genliği ve frekansı ayarlanabilen AC güce dönüştürebilen güç elektroniği devrelerine inverter adı verilmektedir. AC çıkış gerilimi anahtarlara uygulanan DC gerilimin uygun şekilde anahtarlanmasıyla elde edilmektedir. Anahtarların sürülmesi amacıyla kullanılan en popüler yöntem PWM tekniğidir. Bu çalışmada, inverter devrelerinde güç katındaki yarı iletken elemanların anahtarlanması amacıyla yaygın olarak kullanılan taşıyıcı tabanlı sinüzoidal PWM yöntemlerinden bipolar ve unipolar PWM kontrol teknikleri üstünlükleri yönünden incelenmiştir. Her iki kontrol tekniği Matlab/Simulink ortamında taşıyıcı ve referans sinyaller kullanılarak modellenmiş ve oluşturulan tek fazlı tam köprü inverter devresi üzerinde uygulanarak benzetim çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Çıkış gerilim sinyalinin kalitesi bakımından farklı modülasyon indekslerinde gerçekleştirilen benzetim çalışmaları sonucunda, unipolar PWM tekniğinin bipolar PWM tekniğine göre daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tam köprü İnverter, Bipolar PWM, Unipolar PWM, Toplam Harmonik Bozulma, Gerilim Stresi

Comparative Study of Bipolar and Unipolar PWM Control Techniques using Matlab/Simulink

Power electronic circuits that can convert DC power obtained from different sources into AC power with adjustable amplitude and frequency are called inverters. The AC output voltage is obtained by properly switching the DC voltage applied to the switches. The most popular method for driving switches is the PWM technique. In this study, bipolar and unipolar PWM control techniques, which are widely used carrier-based sinusoidal PWM methods for the switching of the semiconductor elements on the power stage in inverter circuits, have been investigated in terms of their advantages. Both control techniques have been modeled using carrier and reference signals in Matlab/Simulink environment and simulated by applying them on a single phase full bridge inverter circuit. As a result of the simulation studies performed in different modulation indexes in terms of the quality of the output voltage signal, it has been found that the unipolar PWM technique is more effective than the bipolar PWM technique.

Keywords:

Full Bridge Inverter, Bipolar PWM, Unipolar PWM, Total Harmonic Distortion, Voltage Stress,

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