Mavi Akım’dan Türk Akım’a Türkiye’nin Rusya’ya Enerji Bağımlılığının Bir Değerlendirmesi

ÖzetTürkiye, Rusya’dan doğalgaz satın alımına Soğuk Savaş’tan önce başlayıp daha sonraki on yıllar için önemlibir ilişkinin tohumlarını atmıştır. Mavi Akım Projesinin inşası Moskova’nın Türkiye için ana tedarikçi konumunusağlamlaştıran bir dönüm noktasıdır. Rusya’nın bu hakimiyetinin hafifletilmesi için gösterilen çabalara rağmenGazprom Türkiye’nin toplam tüketiminin yarısından fazlasını kontrol etmektedir. Rusya ve Türkiye’yi doğrudanbağlayacak Türk Akım boru hattı bu koşullarda sürdürülmektedir ve sadece Türk tüketicilerini hedeflemeklekalmayıp Avrupa’ya transit ulaşma imkanı sağlayabilecektir. Mavi Akım hattı anlaşmasının imzalanmasındanyirmi yıl sonra, bu iki projenin karşılaştırması Ankara’nın Rusya’ya olan enerji bağımlılığını anlaşılması içinaydınlatıcı olabilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mavi Akım, Türk Akım, Rusya-Türkiye enerji ilişkileri, boru hattı siyaseti, enerji bağımlılığı

From Blue Stream To Turkish Stream An Assesment Of Turkey’s Energy Dependence On Russia

AbstractTurkey started imports of natural gas from Russia before the Cold War ended, establishing the basis of animportant relationship for decades to come. Construction of Blue Stream pipeline was a major landmark afterwhich Moscow consolidated its position as the major supplier for Turkish market. Despite efforts to diluteRussia’s dominance in natural gas imports, Gazprom still controls more than half of Turkey’s total consumptiontoday. Turkish Stream pipeline, that will directly link Russia with Turkey, is being constructed under thesecircumstances even though the project does not solely target Turkish consumers but aims to reach Europeanmarket in transit from Turkey. Two decades after the signing of Blue Stream contract, a comparison betweenthose projects may explain how Ankara has fared with its energy dependence on Russia.

Keywords:

Blue Stream, Turkish Stream, Russia-Turkey energy relations, pipeline politics, energy dependence,

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