Mustafa TAN, Süleyman TEMEL

Yem bitkilerinde allelopatik özellikler ve tarımsal ekosistemler üzerine etkileri

Allelopati; bir bitkinin kendi türünden ya da diğer türlerden bitkilere: doğrudan veya dolaylı yoldan zarar veren kimyasal bileşikler salgılaması olarak tanımlanır. Allelopatik bir bitkiden ortama bırakılan fitotoksik maddeler bitkilerde çimlenme ve fide gelişmesini yavaşlattığı için bitkilerin yerleşmesini zorlaştırır. Allelopatinin autotoksidite ve heterotoksidite olmak üzere iki özel çeşidi vardır. Özellikle tarımsal ekosistemlerle ilgili olarak son yıllarda yapılan allelopatik çalışmalar hızla atmıştır. Birçok araştırıcı diğer bitkilerde olduğu gibi yem bitkileri arasında da allelopatik ilişkilerin yaygın olduğunu belirlemiştir. Allelopatik yem bitkisi türlerinin ve bunların etki mekanizmalarının bilinmesi, yem bitkisi ihtiva eden ekim nöbeti sistemleri için çok önemlidir. Bu makalede-allelopatik yem bitkileri ve bunların tarımsal ekosistemler üzerine etkileri tartışılmıştır,

Allelopathy in forage crops and its effects on agroecosystems

Allelopathy is defined as the direct or indirect harmful effects of the one plant through the production of chemical compounds that escape into the environments. Phytotoxic substances inhibit germination arid seedling growth, causing difficulty in establishing after the allelopathic plants. Autotoxicity and heterotoxicity are spesific types of allelopathy occur when a plant species releases chemical substances. The rate of allelopathic research has accelerated rapidly in the recently, particularly in relation to agroecosystems. Many researchers have conducted research on allelopathy in forage crops as well as other plant species. Therefore known the allelopathic forage crops and their effect mechanism is very important for including a forage crop in a cropping system. The allelopathic forage crops and their effects on agroecosystems will be discussed in detail in this paper.

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