2012

Moleküler bitki hastalık etmenleri olarak viroidlin yapısı, tanı yöntemleri ve mücadelesi için öneriler

Viroidler 246-399 nükleotide sahip düşük moleküler ağırlıklı tek sarmal RNA molekülleri olup, moleküler seviyede iyi analiz edilmiş patojenlerdir. Hem tek yıllık, hem de çok yıllık bitkileri enfekte eden viroidlerden bazıları konukçularında önemli derecede zarara neden olurlar. Bazı viroidler ana konukçularında herhangi bir belirtiye neden olmamakla birlikte, bunlar inokulum kaynağı olarak hastalık seyrinde rol oynarlar ve latent konukçularına yakın duyarlı kültür bitkilerinde önemli zararlara neden olurlar. Bu derlemede, viroidlerin özellikleri, tanısında kullanılan tekniklerden irıdikatör bitkilerde biyolojik testler, poliakrilamid jel elektroforez, moleküler hibridizasyon ve polimer zincir reaksiyonu (RT-PCR) ve viroid hastalıkları ile mücadele yöntemleri özetlenerek önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Structure, detection methods and management of viroids as molecular plant disease agents

Virpids are low molecular weight single-stranded circular RNA of 246 to 399 nucleotides and their molecular level is well-characterized. They infect both monoeotyledorious and dicotyledonous plants. Some of viroid diseases cause significant damages to the host crop. However some of them are latent in their primary host, but can do considerable damage to susceptible crops located near the infected latent host species. In this review, the properties, symptoms on host and indicator plants, transmission and spread and methods used for viroids detection like indicator plants, polyacriylamide gel electrophoresis, molecular hybridization, polymerase chain reaction and control strategies for viroid diseases are highlighted.

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