Domates Genotiplerinde Genetik Varyasyon ve Özellikler Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi

Bu çalışma, Domates germplazmında genetik varyasyon ve özellikler arasında ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Iğdır ili (Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi, Türkiye) ve İran'ın kuzeybatısından toplanan 97 yerel genotip ve üç ticari çeşit iki yıl incelenmiştir. Denemede bulunan genotipler incelenen tüm özellikler bakımından farklılık göstermiştir. Meyve şekli açısından genotipler basık, hafif basık, yuvarlak, silindirik, kalp, yumurta, ters yumurta, armut ve ters kalp şeklinde olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Meyve rengi açısından, kırmızı, turuncu, koyu kırmızı ve sarı, meyve büyüklüğü bakımından ise çok küçük, küçük, orta ve geniş gruplara ayrılmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonucu olarak, verimi daha fazla olan genotiplerde, meyve büyüklüğü, meyve sertliği, çiçek burnu çürüklüğü, güneş yanıklığı yüksek, bitki boyu, yaprak yoğunluğu, tohum miktarı/ meyve büyüklüğü oranı düşük bulunmuştur. Küme analizinde genotipler 6 gruba ayrılmıştır. Farklı vejetatif ve generatif özelliklere sahip genotipler farklı gruplarda yer almıştır.

Study of Genetic Variation and Association among Characters in Tomato Genotypes

The study was conducted to determine the genetic diversity and correlation among the different traits in tomato germplasm. Ninety-seven landraces collected from Iğdır city (East Anatolian region) of Turkey and North-West of Iran, along with three commercial cultivars were studied during two years. Tomato genotypes showed genetic diversity in all the studied characters. Fruit shape of genotypes contained flattened, slightly flattened, rounded, cylindrical, cordate, ovate, obovate, pyriform and obcordate. In fruit color, red, dark red, orange, yellow and in fruit size, very small, small, intermediate and large were observed. Correlation analysis showed the genotypes with high yield, had large fruit, firm fruit, high blossom end rot and sun scald, small plant size, sparse foliage density, low seed amount/fruit size. Cluster analysis classified genotypes in six groups, so that genotypes with different vegetative and generative charactreristics were located separate groups.

PDF

___

Agong, S.G, Schittenhelm S., Friedt, W. 2001. Genotipic variation of Kenyan tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) germplasm. The Journal of Food Technology in Africa, 6(1):13-17.
Asati, B.S., Rai, N. and Singh, A.K. 2008. Genetic parameters study for yield and quality traits in tomato. The Asian Journal of Horticulture, 3(2):222-225.
Batu, A. 1998. Some Factors Affecting on Determination and Measurement of Tomato Firmness. Turkish. J. of Agriculture and Forestry, 22:411-418.
Batu, A. 2004. Determination of acceptable firmness and colour values of tomatoes. Journal of Food Engineering, 61:471- 475.
Bernousi, I., Emami, A., Tajbakhsh, M., Darvishzadeh, R. and Henareh, M. 2011. Studies on genetic variability and correlation among the different traits in Solanum lycopersicum L. Not Bot Hort Agrobot Cluj, 39(1):152-158.
Bugianesi, R., Salucci, M., Leonardi, C., Ferracane, R., Catasta, G., Azzini, E. and Madani, G. 2004. Effect of domestic cooking on human bioavailability of naringenin, chlorogenic acid, lyopene and ?-carotene in cherry tomatoes. Eur. J. Nutr., 43: 360-366.
Çukadar, K. 2011. Morphological characterization of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) genotipes in Erzincan, M.Sc thesis, Ataturk University. Erzurum, Turkey.
Dar, R. A. and Sharma, J. P. 2011. Genetic Variability Studies of Yield and Quality Traits in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetic, 5(2):168-174.
Descriptors for tomato (Lycopersicon SPP), 2003. IPIGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute).
Foolad, M.R. 2007. Genome mapping and molecular breeding of tomato. International Journal of Plant Genomics, 2007:1-52.
Iqbal, M., Ahmad, W., Shafi, J., Ayub, C.M., Atiq, M., Shahid, M. And Saleem, M. 2013. Comparative genetic variability and heritability in some tomato varieties against fruit borer, shape disorders and their correlation. Bioengineering and Bioscience, 1(2):17-23.
Islam, B. M. R., Ivy, N. A., Rasul, M. G. and Zakaria, M. 2010. Character Association and Path Analysis of Exotic Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Genotypes. Bangladesh J.Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(1):13-18.
Kumar, V., Nandan R., Srivastava K., Sharma, S.K., Kumar R., Kumar A. 2013. Genetic parametrs and correlation study for yield and quality traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Plant Archives, 13(1):463-467.
Passam, H.C., Karapanos, I. C., Bebeli, P. J. and Savvas, D .2007. A Review of Recent Research on Tomato Nutrition, Breeding and Post-Harvest Technology with Reference to Fruit Quality. The European Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology, 1-21.
Patel, S.A., Kshirsagar, D.B,, Bhalekar, M.N., Kute, N.S. 2013. Correlation studies in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Vegetable Science, 40 (2):217-218.
Pedapati, A., Reddy, R. V. S. K., Babu, D. J., Kumar, S. S. and Suni, N. 2014. Genetic diversity analysis in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 5(3): 517-525.
Reddy, B.R., Reddy, M.P., Begum, H., Sunil, N. 2013. Genetic diversity studies in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 4:53-55.
Rizvi, A., Ashraf, M., Ghafoor, A. 2013. Genetic divergence for seedling traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Int J Agric Biol., 15:451-457.
Terzopoulos, P.J., Bebeli, P.J. 2008. DNA and morphological diversity of selected Greek tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) landraces. Scientia Horticulturae, 116:354-361.
UPOV 2011. International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants for Tomato.
Yap, T. C. and Harvey, B. L. 1972. Inheritance of yield components and morpho-physiological traits in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Crop Science, 12:283-286.