Mehmet KÖSE, Mehmet Osman ATLI, Ahmet SEMACAN, Ercan KURAR, Aydın GÜZELOĞLU

Kısraklarda erken gebelik tespiti

At yetiştiriciliğinde kısa olan üreme sezonunun iyi değerlendirilip, sezon boşa geçirilmeden kısraklarda gebeliğinoluşturulması öncelikli hedefler arasında yer almaktadır. Sınırlı üreme sezonuna sahip kısrakların ülkemizin de içindebulunduğu coğrafyada ilkbahar aylarında başlayan ovaryum aktiviteleri sonbahara kadar devam etmektedir. Bu süreç içindereprodüktif herhangi bir sorunu olmayan kısraklarda düzenli östrus siklusu sayısıda oldukça azdır. Dolayısıyla gebeliğinmümkün olan en kısa zamanda tespitinin kritik önemi bulunmaktadır. Bu amaçla farklı tanı yöntemleri kullanılmasınarağmen, gebeliğin mümkün olan en kısa zamanda teşhisine olanak sağlayacak etkin ve pratik bir yönteme halen ihtiyaçduyulmaktadır. Bu derleme kapsamında öncelikle kısrakların erken gebelik fizyolojisi hakkında kısaca bilgi verilecektir.Mevcut gebelik tanı yöntemleri (östrusların izlenmesi, rektal palpasyon, ultrasonografi, progesteron, östrojen, eCG, erkengebelik faktörünün ölçümü ve gebeliğe bağlı gen ekspresyonları ile gebelik tespiti) avantajları ve dezavantajları açısındantartışılacaktır. Ayrıca, gebeliğin maternal kabul mekanizmasının moleküler düzeyde anlaşılması amacıyla yapılan güncelçalışmalar ve gebeliğin tanısında alternatif yaklaşımlar hakkında bilgi verilecektir.

Early detection of pregnancy in mares

It is important in horse breeding that mares need to get pregnant at end of short breeding season. Mares have ashort breeding season characterized with ovarian activity and it lasts from spring to autumn in our country. During theseason number of regular estrous cycles is very few even if the mares are sound reproductively. Therefore, pregnancydiagnosis as early as possible after breeding remains critically important. Even though clinical methods and laboratoryanalysis are commonly used, there is still a need for an economical, dependable and practical method for diagnosingpregnancy in early period of pregnancy. In this review, a brief information about physiology of early pregnancy in mares willbe given. Furthermore, current pregnancy diagnosis methods (estrus detection, rectal palpation, ultrasonography,measurements of progesterone, estrogen, eCG and early pregnancy factor and gene expressions due to the pregnancy) willbe discussed in detail including their advantages and disadvantages. Also, current conceptions about molecular mechanismof maternal recogniton of pregnancy in mare will be evaluated and alternative pregnancy diagnosis methods will bediscussed.

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