19117

İngiliz Lavantası (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.)’nın çiçek ve yapraklarının fenolik içeriklerinin UPLC ESI-MS/MS ile analizi

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), ilaç, kozmetik vb sanayi gibi farklı birçok endüstri kollarında hammadde olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tıbbi lavantanın (Lavandula angustifolia) yaprak ve çiçeklerindeki fenolik bileşikleri ve bu bileşiklerin oranlarını belirlemektir. Ula (Muğla) yetiştirilen çiçeklenme döneminde elde edilen yaprak ve çiçek örneklerinde toplam 9 fenolik bileşen belirlenmiştir. Lavender (L. angustifolia Mill.) yaprak ve çiçek örneklerinde; Protocatechuic acid 189,38 (µg/kg); 3-4-Dihydoxy benzaldehyde (168,97 µg/kg), 4- Vanilic acid 77,54 (µg/kg) yüksek oranlarda tespit edilen fenolik bileşenlerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Lavandula angustifolia, Fenolik bileşen, GC-FID, GC/MS, Türkiye

Analysis of phenolic compounds in flowers and leaves of English Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) is used as raw material in various industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, etc. The aim of this study is to determine the phenolic compounds and ratios of these compounds medicinal lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) in its leaves and flowers. A total of 9 phenolic compounds were identified in the leaf and flower samples obtained from the lavenders grown in Ula (Mugla) during the flowering period. The high ratios of phenolic compounds detected in leaf and flower samples of Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) were protocatechuic acid (189.38 μg/kg), 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (168.97 μg/kg), and 4-vanillic acid (77.54 μg/kg).

Keywords:

Lavandula angustifolia, Phenolic compound, GC-FID, GC/MS, Turkey,

PDF

___

Referans1 Adaszyńska-Skwirzyńska M, Dzięcioł M (2017) Comparison of phenolic acids and flavonoids contents in various cultivars and parts of common lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) derived from Poland. Natural Product Research 31(21), 2575-2580.
Referans2 Aftab T (2019) A review of medicinal and aromatic plants and their secondary metabolites status under abiotic stress. Journal of Medicinal Plants 7(3), 99-106.
Referans3 Alasalvar H, Yildirim Z (2021) Ultrasound-assisted extraction of antioxidant phenolic compounds from Lavandula angustifolia flowers using natural deep eutectic solvents: An experimental design approach. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 22:100492
Referans4 Araujo M, Pimentel FB, Alves RC, Oliveira MBPP (2015) Phenolic compounds from olive mill wastes: health efects, analytical approach and application as food antioxidants. Trends Food Sci Technol 45(2), 200–211.
Referans5 Arceusz A, Wesołowski M (2011) Wybrane kwasy fenolowe i biopierwiastki w roślinnych surowcach leczniczych [Chosen phenolic acids and bioelements in medicinal plant raw materials]. Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis 64:7–13.
Referans6 Baydar H (2007) Tıbbi, aromatik ve keyif bitkileri bilimi ve teknolojisi (Genişletilmiş II baskı). Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Vol. 51 pp. 205– 212, Isparta
Referans7 Baydar H (2005) Tıbbi, Aromatik ve Keyf Bitkileri Bilimi ve Teknolojisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Yayın No:55, Isparta
Referans8 Baytop T (1984) Türkiye’de Bitkilerle Tedavi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları No: 4, İstanbul
Referans9 Baytop T (1999) Türkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi (Geçmiste ve Bugün). Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, II. Baskı
Referans10 Benabdelkader T, Zitounic A, Guitton Y (2011) Essential oils from wild populations of algerian lavandula stoechas L.: composition, chemical variability, and in vitro biological properties, Chemistry & Biodiversity 8(5), 937-953.
Referans11 Blažeković B, Vladimir-Knežević S, Brantner A, Štefan MB (2010) Evaluation of antioxidant potential of Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel. ‘Budrovka’: a comparative study with L. angustifolia Mill. Molecules 15:5971–5987.
Referans12 Boelens MH (1995) Chemical and sensory evaluation of Lavandula oils. Perfumer and Flavorist 20:23-23.
Referans13 Ceylan A (1996) Tıbbi Bitkiler II (Uçucu Yağ Bitkileri). Ege Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 481, Bornova
Referans14 Ceylan A, Vömel A, Kaya N, Çelik N, Niğdeli E (1988) Bitki sıklığının lavanta'da verim ve kaliteye etkisi üzerinde araştırma. EÜ Zir. Fak. Dergisi 25(2), 135-145.
Referans15 Ceylan A, Bayram E, Özay N (1996) Farklı bitki sıklığı ve azot dozlarının lavanta (mill.)'nın bazı agronomik ve teknolojik özelliklere etkisi. Tr. J. ofAgriculture and Forestry 20:567-572.
Referans16 Costa P, Gonçalves S, Andrade PB, Valentão P, Romano A (2011) Inhibitory effect of Lavandula viridis on Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation, antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase properties. Food Chemistry 126:1779-1786.
Referans17 Radulescu C, Stihi C, Ilie M, Lazurcă D, Gruia R, Olaru OT, Bute OC, Dulama ID, Stirbescu RM, Teodorescu S, Florescu M (2017) Characterization of Phenolics in Lavandula angustifolia. Analytical Letters, 50:17, 2839-2850.
Referans118 Davis PH (1982) Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press, Volume 7, Edinburg.
Referans19 Dinu M, Olaru OT, Dune A, Popescu C, Nitulescu GM, Ancuceanu RV (2016) The obtaining and characterization of a rich-phenolic extract from Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. Revista de Chimie-Bucharest 67 (5):880–83.
Referans20 Donadu MG, Usai D, Mazzarello V, Molicotti P, Cannas S, Bellardi MG, Zanetti S (2017) Change in Caco-2 cells following treatment with various lavender essential oils. Natural Product Research 31(18), 2203-2206.
Referans 21 Georgiev YN, Paulsen BS, Kiyohara H, Ciz M, Ognyanov MH, Vasicek O, Rise F, Denev PN, Yamanada H, Lojek A, Kussovski V, Barsett H,
Referans22Krastanov AI, Yanakieva IZ, Kratchanova MG (2017) The common lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) pectic polysaccharides modulate phagocytic leukocytes and intestinal Peyer’s patch cells. Carbohydrate polymers 174:948- 959.
Referans23 Góra J, Lis A (2005) Najcenniejsze olejki eteryczne. Wyd. Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika Wyd I:165-168.
Referans 24Güleşçi N, Aygül İ (2016) Beslenmede yer alan antioksidan ve fenolik madde içerikli çerezler. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 5(1), 109- 129.
Referans25 Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT (2012) Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği yayını, İstanbul.
Referans26 Héral B, Stierlin É, Fernandez X, Michel T (2021) Phytochemicals from the genus Lavandula: a review. Phytochemistry Reviews 20(4), 751-771.
Referans27 Harborne JB, Williams CA (2000) Advences in Flavonoid Research Since 1992. Phytochemistry 55(6), 481-504.
Referans28 Hudson EA, Dinh PA, Kokubun T, Simmonds MSJ, Gesher A (2000) Characterization of potentially chemopreventive phenols in extracts of brown rice that inhibit the growth of human breast and colon cancer cells. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers 9(11), 1163–1170.
Referans29Imelouane B, Tahr M, Elbastrioui M, Aouinti F, Elbachiri A (2011) Mineral contents of some medicinal and aromatic plants growing in eastern Morocco. J Mater Environ Sci 2(2), 104-111
Referans30 Janicke B, Hegardtc C, Kroghc M, Önning G, Åkessone B, Cirenajwis HM, Oredsson SM (2011) The antiproliferative effect of dietary fiber phenolic compounds ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid on the cell cycle of caco-2 cells. Nutrition and Cancer 63(4), 611-622.
Referans31 Kahkonen MP, Hopia AI, Vuorela HJ, Rauha JP, Pihlaja K, Kujala TS, Heinonen M, (1999) Antioxidant activity of plant extracts containing phenolic compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 47(10), 3954–3962.
Referans32 Kampa M, Alexaki V, Notas G, Nifli A, Nistikaki A, Hatzoglou A, Castanas E (2004) Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of selective phenolic acids on T47D human breast cancer cells: potential mechanisms of action. Breast Cancer Research 6(2), 1-12.
Referans33 Kıvrak Ş, Kıvrak İ, Karababa E (2018) Analytical evaluation of phenolic compounds and minerals of Opuntia robusta J.C. Wendl. and Opuntia ficus-barbarica A. Berger. International J. of Food Properties 21(1): 244- 256
Referans34 Lis-Balchin M, Hart S (1999) Studies on the mode of the action of the essential oil of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia P. Miller). Phytother Res 13:540-542.
Referans35 Merken HM, Merken CD, Beecher GR (2001) Kinetics method for the quantitation of anthocyanins, flavonal and flavones in food. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 49(6), 2727-2732.
Referans36 Moon T, Wilkinson JM, Cavanagh HMA (2006) Antibacterial activity of essential oils, hydrosols and plant extracts from Australian grown Lavandula spp. International Journal of Aromatherapy 16(1), 9-14.
Referans37 Njume C, Afolayan AJ, Ndip RN (2009) An overview of antimicrobial resistance and the future of medicinal plants in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infections. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 3(13), 685-699.
Referans38 Prusinowska R, Śmigielski KB (2014) Composition, biological properties and therapeutic effects of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia L): A review. Herba Polonica 60(2), 56-66.
Referans39 Rusak G, Piantanida I, Mašić L, Kapuralin K, Durgo K, Kopjar N (2010) Spectrophotometric analysis of flavonoid-DNA interactions and DNA damaging/protecting and cytotoxic potential of flavonoids in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Chemico-Biological Interactions 188(1), 181-189.
Referans40 Silva FAM, Borges F, Guimaraes C, Lima JLFC, Matos C, Reis S (2000) Phenolic acids and derivatives; studies on the relationship among structure, radical scavenning activity and physicochemical parameters. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48(6), 2122-2126.
Referans41Sökmen A, Gürel E (2001) Bitki Biyoteknolojisi, Edt. Babaoğlu M., Gürel E., Özcan S. Bölüm 7, Sekonder Metabolit Üretimi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Vakfı Yayınları, Konya, 211-261.
Referans42 Spiridon I, Colceru S, Anghel N, Teaca CA, Bodirlau R, Armatu A (2011) Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic contents of oregano (Origanum vulgare), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) from Romania. Natural Product Research 25(17), 1657-1661.
Referans43 Sytar O, Hemmerich I, Zivcak M, Rauh C, Brestic M (2018) Comparative analysis of bioactive phenolic compounds composition from 26 medicinal plants. Saudi Journal Of Biological Sciences 25(4), 631-641.
Referans44 Turgut AC, Emen FM, Canbay HS, Demirdöğen RE, Cam N, Kılıç D, Yeşilkaynak T (2017) Chemical characterization of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. which is a phytocosmetic species and investigation of its antimicrobial effect in cosmetic products. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry 4(1), 283-298.
Referans45 Valnet J (2001) L’Aromathérapie. Maloine S.A. Editeur (since 1964), Vigot, Paris, 272- 278.
Referans46 Yassine EZ, Mouhcine F, Dalila B, Abdelhakim EOL, Mohammed L, Abdellah F (2021) Ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic Compounds from Moroccan Lavandula stoechas L.: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology, Hindawi Journal of Chemistry 2021: 8830902.
Referans46 Yıldız H, Baysal T (2003) Bitkisel fenoliklerin kullanım olanakları ve insan sağlığı üzerine etkileri. Gıda Mühendisliği Dergisi 7(14), 29-35.
Referans47 Zhao J, Xu F, Huang H, Ji T, Li C, Tan W, Chen Y, Ma L (2015) Evaluation on bioactivities of total flavonoids from Lavandula angustifolia. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 28(4), 1245-1251.
Referans48 Zheng J, Meenu M, Xu BA (2019) Systematic investigation on free phenolic acids and flavonoids profiles of commonly consumed edible flowers in China. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 172:268-277.