Amar Nagesh KUMAR, Pathiputhuru ARUNA, Jupalle Nagaiah NAİDU, Robby KUMAR, Anuj Kumar SRİVASTAVA

Ürik Asidin Antioksidan ve Pro-Oksidan Özellikleri ile İlgili Kavram ve Tartışmalarının Derlemesi

Ürik asit, insanlarda pürin metabolizmasının son ürünüdür, gutta kristallerinin yoğun olarak (>7 mg/dl) biriktiği bilinmektedir. İnsanlarda, yüksek konsantrasyonda ürik asitin evrimsel bir avantaj olduğu düşünülmektedir.Aynı zamanda, insanlarda yüksek ürik asit konsantrasyonunun; evrim sürecinde kaybolan askorbik asitin antioksidan kapasitesini telafi ettiği hipotezi ortaya atılmıştır. Hücre dışı ortamda, ürik asit; hidroksil, peroksinitrit ve tekil oksijen gibi serbest radikalleri uzaklaştırabilmektedir bu sebeple ürik asit güçlü bir antioksidan olarak düşünülmektedir. Öte yandan kimyasal ortamına bağlı olarak değişen özelliği ileürik asit, zaman zaman pro-oksidan gibi davranır vehipertansiyon, kalp damar hastalıkları, iskemi reperfüzyon hasarı, diyabet, ve alkolsüz yağlı karaciğer bozuklukları gibi çeşitli hastalıkların patokimyası ile ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmamızda, hiperüreseminin evrimsel avantajlarını ve çeşitli hastalık koşullarında, ürik asitin hem antioksidan özelliğinin hem de pro-oksidan doğasının etkilerini özetlemeyeçalıştık.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hiperüresemi, antioksidan, pro-oksidan, paradoks, ürik astin faydalı etkileri

Review of Concepts and Controversies of Uric Acid as Antioxidant and Pro-Oxidant

Uric acid, the end product of purine catabolism in humans and is known for its crystal deposition at higher concentrations (>7 mg/dl) in gout. Less is known about its antioxidant property and the beneficial effects in various diseases. It is thought that high concentration of uric acid in humans is an evolutionary advantage and it is also hypothesized that high concentration of uric acid is to compensate the antioxidant capacity of ascorbic acid which is lost in humans during the course of evolution. In the extracelluar environment, uric acid can scavenge free radicals like hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite radical therefore, it is considered as a powerful antioxidant. On the other hand uric acid depending upon the chemical milieu, changing its property and at times it acts as pro oxidant and is associated with the pathobiochemistry in developing various diseases like hypertension, cardio vascular diseases, ischemia reperfusion injury, diabetes mellitus, non alcoholic fatty liver disorders etc. In this review, we tried to summarize the evolutionary advantages of hyperuricaemia, effects of both antioxidant property and pro-oxidant nature of uric acid in various disease conditions.

Keywords:

Hyperuricaemia, antioxidant, pro-oxidant, paradox, beneficial effects of uric acid,

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