Özgür FIRAT, Arzu ŞAHİN İNANDI

113163

Oreochromis niloticus’TA CIVANIN BİYOKİMYASAL TOKSİSİTESİ VE BU TOKSİSİTE ÜZERİNE ZEOLİTİN KORUYUCU ETKİSİ

Bu çalışmada Nil Tilapia’sı Oreochromis niloticus’ta serum enzim aktiviteleri kullanılarak cıva (Hg) toksisitesi ve zeolitin koruyucu etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla balıklar 0,01 ve 0,05 mg/L Hg ile 0,01 mg/L Hg+0,01 g/L Zeolit ve 0,05 mg/L Hg+0,05 g/L Zeolit karışımlarının etkisine 4 ve 21 günlük sürelerle bırakılmış ve kan serumunda alanin aminotransferaz (ALT), aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), alkalen fosfataz (ALP) ve laktat dehidrojenaz (LDH) enzim aktiviteleri ölçülmüştür. Doğrudan cıva ve cıva+zeolit karışımlarının etkisinde incelenen serum enzim aktivitelerinde ortam derişimine ve etki süresine bağlı olarak önemli değişiklikler saptanmıştır. ALT, AST ve ALP aktivitelerinde cıvanın her iki ortam derişiminin etkisinde 4 ve 21 günlük süreler; cıva+zeolit karışımının ise yüksek ortam derişiminde ve 21 günlük etki süresi sonunda anlamlı bir artış belirlenmiştir (P˂0,05). LDH aktivitesi ise cıvanın tek başına ve zeolitle birlikte etkisinde her iki ortam derişimlerinde hem 4 hem de 21 günlük süreler sonunda önemli bir artış göstermiştir (P<0,05). Sunulan araştırmada O. niloticus’un serum enzim aktivitelerindeki artışların cıva+zeolit karışımına oranla cıvanın tek başına etkisinde daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar ortamda zeolit bulunduğunda cıva toksisitesinin kısmen ya da tamamen düzeldiğini göstermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Oreochromis niloticus, Cıva, Zeolit, Zeolit Serum enzimleri

BIOCHEMICAL TOXICITY OF MERCURY AND PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ZEOLITE ON THIS TOXICITY IN Oreochromis niloticus

In this study, it was investigated mercury (Hg) toxicity and protective effect of zeolite by using serum enzymes activities of Oreochromis niloticus. For this purpose fish were exposed to 0.01 and 0.05 mg/L Hg and 0.01 mg/L Hg+0.01 g/L Zeolite and 0.05 mg/L Hg+0.05 g/L Zeolite for 4 and 21 days and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were measured in blood serum. In the exposures of mercury alone and mercury+zeolite mixtures, significant changes were determined in all enzymes activities due to medium concentration and exposure period. ALT, AST, and ALP activities significantly increased at 4 and 21 days in both exposure concentrations of mercury and at 21 days in higher concentration of mercury+zeolite mixture (P˂0.05). LDH activity elevated all tested concentrations of mercury and mercury+zeolite mixtures after the both exposure periods (P˂0.05). In the present research it was determined increases in activities of serum enzymes of O. niloticus were higher in the mercury alone than mercury+zeolite mixture and zeolite partially or totally played a protective role aganist the toxic effect of Hg. 
Keywords:

Oreochromis niloticus, Mercury, Zeolite, Serum enzymes,

PDF

___

  • Adhikari, S., Sarkar, B., Chatterjee, A., Mahapatra, C.T., & Ayyappan, S. (2004). Effects of cypermethrin and carbofuran on certain hematological parameters and prediction of their recovery in a freshwater teleost, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 58, 220-226. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.12.003
  • Balasubramanian, J., & Kumar, A. (2013). Effect of sodium arsenite on liver function related enzymes of cat fish Heteropneustes fossilis and its chelation by zeolite. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination, 8(2), 53-58. doi: 10.5132/eec.2013.02.008
  • Basha, P.S., & Rani, A.U. (2003). Cadmium-induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost Oreochromis mossambicus (Tilapia). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 56, 218–221. doi: 10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00028-9
  • Bergmeyer, H.U., Horder, M., & Rej, R. (1985). International federation of clinical chemistry (IFCC) scientific committee. Journal of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 24, 481-495.
  • Chaurasia, M.K., & Jain, S.K. (2006). Natural zeolite mediated mercury toxicity in fish. Asian Journal of Experimental Sciences, 20(2), 303-308.
  • Chen, C.Y., Wooster, G.S., Getchell, R.G., Bowser, P.R., & Timmons, M.B. (2003). Blood chemistry of healthy, nephrocalcinosis-affected and ozone-treated tilapia in a recirculation system, with application of discriminant analysis. Aquaculture, 218, 89-102. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00499-4
  • Çoğun, H.Y., Fırat, Ö., Fırat, Ö., Yüzereroğlu, T.A., Gök, G., Kargın, F., & Kötemen, Y. (2012). Protective Effect of selenium against mercury induced toxicity on hematological and biochemical parameters of Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 26(3), 117-122. doi: 10.1002/jbt.20417.
  • Coppo, J.A., Mussart, N.B., & Fioranelli, S.A. (2002). Physiological variation of enzimatic activities in blood of Bullfrog, Rana catesbeina (Shaw, 1802). Veterinary Review, 12(13), 22-27.
  • Çoğun, H.Y., & Şahin, M. (2013). The effect of lead and zeolite on hematological and some biochemical parameters in Nile fish (Oreochromis niloticus). Current Progress Biological Research, 12, 277-286.
  • Çolpan, İ., Tuncer, Ş.D., Önol, A., V Yıldız, G. (1995). Limozin x Jersey (F1) melezi tosunlarda zeolitin besi performansi ve karkas özelliklerine etkisi. Lalahan Hayvancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 35(3-4), 26-43.
  • De la Tore, F.R., Salibian, A., & Ferrari, L. (2000). Biomarkers assessment in juvenile Cyprinus carpio exposed to waterborne cadmium. Environmental Pollution, 109, 227-278. doi:10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00263-8
  • Dreiem, A., Ring, A., & Fonnum, F. (2005). Organic solvent-induced cell death in rat cerebellar granule cells: structure dependence of C10 hydrocarbons and relationship to reactive oxygen species formation. Neurotoxicology, 26, 321-330. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2005.01.006
  • Empfehlungen, D. (1972). Deutschen Gesselschaft für Klinische Chemie. Zeitschrift für klinische Chemie und klinische Biochemie, 10, 182–192.
  • Fırat, Ö., & Kargın, F. (2010a). Individual and combined effects of heavy metals on serum biochemistry of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 58, 151-157. doi: 10.1007/s00244-009-9344-5
  • Fırat, Ö., & Kargın, F. (2010b). Biochemical alterations induced by Zn and Cd individually or in combination in the serum of Oreochromis niloticus. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 36, 647-653. doi: 10.1007/s10695-009-9337-3.
  • Fırat, Ö., Çoğun, H.Y., Yüzereroğlu, T.A., Gök, G., Fırat, Ö., Kargın, F., & Kötemen, Y. (2011). A comparative study on the effects of a pesticide (cypermethrin) and two metals (copper, lead) to serum biochemistry of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 37, 657-666. doi: 10.1007/s10695-011-9466-3.
  • Gharaei, A., Ghaffari, M., Keyvanshokooh, S., & Akrami, R. (2011). Changes in metabolic enzymes, cortisol and glucose concentrations of Beluga (Huso huso) exposed to dietary methylmercury. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 37, 485-493. doi: 10.1007/s10695-010-9450-3.
  • Gilbert, S.G., & Grant-Webster, K.S. (1995). Neurobehavioral effects of developmental methylmercury exposure, Environmental Health Perspectives, 103, 135–42.
  • Gundacker, C., Komarnicki, G., Zödl, B., Forster, C., Schuster, E., & Wittmann, K. (2006). Whole blood mercury and selenium concentrations in a selected Austrian population: Does gender matter? Science of The Total Environment, 372, 76–86. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.006
  • Hamed, R.R., Farid, N.M., Elowa, S.H.E., & Abdalla, A.M. (2003). Glutathione related enzyme levels of freshwater fish as bioindicators of pollution. The Environmentalist, 23, 313-322. doi: 10.1023/B:ENVR.0000031409.09024.cc
  • Ishikawa, N.M., Ranzani-Paiva, M.J.T., & Ferreira, C.M. (2007). Hematological parameters in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus exposed to sub-letal concentrations of mercury. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 50(4), 619-626.
  • Jain, S.K. (1999). Protective role of zeolite on short and long term lead toxicity in the teleost fish Heteropneustes fossilis. Chemosphere, 39(2), 247-251.
  • Jee, J.H., Masroor, F., & Kang, J.C. (2005). Responses of cypermethrin-induced stress in haematological parameters of Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli (Hilgendorf). Aquaculture Research, 36, 898-905. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01299.x
  • Kalender, S., Öğütçü, A., Uzunhisarcık, M., Açıkgöz, F., Durak, D., Ulusoy, Y. & Kalender, Y. (2005). Diazinon-induced hepatotoxicity and protective effect of vitamin E on some biochemical indices and ultrastructural changes. Toxicology, 211, 197-206. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.03.007
  • Karan, V., Vitorovic, S., Tutundzic, V., & Poleksic, V. (1998). Functional enzymes activity and gill histology of carp after copper sulfate exposure and recovery. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 40, 49-55.
  • Luskova, V., Svoboda, M., & Kolarov, J. (2002). The effects of diazinon on blood plasma biochemistry in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Acta Veterinaria Brunensis, 71, 117-123.
  • Moss, D.W., Henderson, A.R. & Kochmar, J.F. (1986). Enzymes; principles of diagnostic enzymology and the aminotransferases. In: Tietz, N.W. (Ed.), Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 663-678.
  • Mumpton, F.A. (2006). Using zeolites in agriculture: Zeolite product website. Available at http://www.zeolite-products.com (Erişim Mart 2016).
  • Oliveira Ribeiro, C.A., Filipack Neto, F., Mela, M., Silva, P.H., Randi, M.A.F., Costa, J.R.A., & Pelletier, E. (2006). Hematological findings in neotropical fish Hoplias malabaricus exposed to subchronic and dietary doses of methylmercury, inorganic lead and tributyltin chloride. Environmental Research, 101, 74-80. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2005.11.005
  • Palanivelu, V., Vijayavel, K., Ezhilarasibalasubramanian, S., & Balasubramanian, M.P. (2005). Influence of insecticidal derivative (Cartap Hydrochloride) from the marine polychaete on certain enzyme systems of the freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus. Journal of Environmental Biology, 26, 191-196.
  • Papaioannou, D., Katsoulos, P.D., Panousis, N., & Karatzias, H. (2005). The role of natural and synthetic zeolites as feed additives on the prevention and/or the treatment of certain farm animal diseases: A review. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 84, 161-170. doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2005.05.030
  • Patil M., & Kulkarni, R.S., (1993). Ovarian and hepatic biochemical response to sumaach (acrude from HCG) in fish, Notopterus notopterus Pallas, under pesticide treatment. Geobios, 20, 255-259.
  • Shivaknmar, R. (2005). Endosufan induced metabolic alternation in freshwater fish, Catla cartla. Ph.D. Thesis, Karnataka University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
  • Sokal, R.R., & Rohlf, J.F. (1969). Biometry. Freeman and Company, San Fracisco, 776 pp.
  • Stanic, B., Andric, N., Zoric, S., Grubor-Lajsic, G., & Kovacevic, R. (2006). Assessing pollution in the Danube River near Novi Sad (Serbia) using several biomarkers in sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus L.). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 65, 395-402. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.08.005
  • Taş, M., Demirel, R., Şentürk, D., Kurt, D., Bacinoğlu, S., Cirit, Ü., & Ketani, M.A., (2007). Effects of dietary natural zeolite on the testicular weight, body weight and spermatological characteristics in rats. Journal of The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Istanbul University, 33(3), 33-42.
  • Wacker, W.E.C., Ulmer, D.D., & Vallee, B.L. (1956). Metalloenzymes and myocardial infarction. The New England Journal of Medicine, 255, 449-451.
  • Yousef, M.I., Awad, T.I., Elhag, F.A., & Khaled, F.A. (2007). Study of the effect of ascorbic acid against the toxicity of stannous chloride on oxidative damage, antioxidant enzymes and biochemical parameters in rabbits. Toxicology, 235, 194-202. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.03.01
Aquatic Sciences and Engineering-Cover
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 1987
  • Yayıncı: İstanbul Üniversitesi
Arşiv
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Serpil ODABAŞI, Deniz Anıl ODABAŞI, Fikret ÇAKIR, Demet BAL

FARKLI TUZLULUK SEVİYELERİNDE YETİŞTİRİLEN ÇİPURA (Sparus aurata L, 1758) LARVALARININ BÜYÜME VE YAŞAM ORANINA MİKRO DİYET YEMLERİN ETKİSİ

Türker BODUR, Mehmet ÖZBAŞ

Capoeta umbla (Heckel, 1843)’NIN PULLARINDA CİNSİYET, YAŞ VE MEVSİME BAĞLI VARYASYONLARIN GEOMETRİK MORFOMETRİK YÖNTEMLERLE İNCELENMESİ

Tarık ÇİÇEK, Alaettin KAYA, Serbest BİLİCİ

Oreochromis niloticus’TA CIVANIN BİYOKİMYASAL TOKSİSİTESİ VE BU TOKSİSİTE ÜZERİNE ZEOLİTİN KORUYUCU ETKİSİ

Özgür FIRAT, Arzu ŞAHİN İNANDI

Pseudomonas fluorescens BALIK PATOJENİNDE ÇEVREYİ ALGILAMA SİSTEMİ VE VİRÜLENS FAKTÖRLERİ

Nurdan NURCAN, Ayşegül KUBİLAY