CHANGES IN CERTAIN ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS OF COMMON CARP (Cyprinus carpio) EXPOSED TO ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDES

The acute phase response (APR) is a nonspecific reaction of fish to disturbances in homeostasis. The aim of present study was to investigate quantitative changes that occur in the concentration of acute phase proteins (APPs) in the blood of commercial size common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) exposed to organophosphate insecticides within the month of April during ameliorative activities. Parameters examined were fibrinogen (Fib), ceruloplasmin (Cp) as a positive APPs and albumin (Alb) as a negative APP. Histological sections of the hepatopancreas and kidneys from 25 fish have been examined. The hepatopancreas was chosen for this investigation as it is the primary site of acute phase protein synthesis. APP parameters plasma fibrinogen (P

___

Andreeva, A. (2010). Structure of fish serum albumins. Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology, 46(2), 135-144.

Aoki, T., Takano, T., Santos, M., Kondo, M., Hirono, I. (2008). Molecular innate immunity in Teleost fish: Review and future perspectives. Proceeding of the 5th World Fisheries Congress, Yokohama, Japan, 263- 276.

Banaee, M., Mirvagefei, A., Rafei, G., Majazi Amiri, B. (2008). Effect of sub-lethal Diazinon concentrations on blood plasma biochemistry. International Journal of Environmental Research, 2(2), 189-198.

Banaee, M., Sureda, A., Mirvagefei, A., Ahmadi, K. (2013). Biochemical and histological changes in the liver tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of diazinon. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 39(3), 489-501.

Banaee, M. (2013). Physiological dysfunction in fish after insecticides exposure. In S. Trdan (Ed.), Insecticides - Development of safer and more effective technologies (p. 103-142). Rijeka, CRO: InTech Press Inc. ISBN 978-953-51-0958-7.

Bestujeva, S., Kolb V. (1982). Determination of the activity of ceruloplasmin in the blood serum by the method of Revin. In V. Kolb & V. Kamishnikov (Eds.), Practical book in clinical chemistry, 2nd edition, (p. 290-291). Minsk, Belarus.

Bayne, C., Gerwick, L. (2001). The acute phase response and innate immunity of fish. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 25(8-9), 725-743.

Ceron, J., Eckersall, P., Martinez-Subiela, S. (2005). Acute phase proteins in dogs and cats: current knowledge and future perspectives. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 34(2), 85-99.

Cray, C. (2013). Biomarkers of inflammation in exotic pets. Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine, 22(3), 245-250.

Di Giulio, R., Meyer, N. (2008). Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. In R. Di Giulio & D. Hintin (Eds.), The toxicology of fishes (p. 273-327). Boca Raton, USA: CRC Press, ISBN 978-041-52-4868-6.

Dunier, M., Siwicki, A., Demael, A. (1991). Effects of organophosphorus insecticides: Effects of trichlorfon and dichlorvos on the immune response of carp (Cyprinus carpio). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 22(1), 79-87.

Feeney, R., Brown, W. (1974). Plasma proteins in fishes. In M. Florkin & B. Scheer (Eds.), Chemical Zoology. Volume 8. Deuterostomians, Cyclostomes and Fishes (p. 307-329). London, UK: Academy Press, ISBN 978- 012-2610-38-7.

Gabay, C., Kushner, I. (1999). Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. The New England Journal of Medicine, 340(6), 448-454.

Gruys, E., Toussaint, M., Landman, W., Tivapasi, M., Chamanza, R., Van Veen, L. (1998). Infection, inflammations and stress inhibit growth. Mechanisms and non specific assesment of the processes by acute phase. In T. Wensing (Eds.), Production diseases proteins in farm animals (p. 72-88). Amsterdam, Netherland: Wageningen Press, ISBN 90-74134-60-2.

Karami-Mohajeri, S., Abdollahi, M. (2011). Toxic effects of organophosphate, carbamate, and organochlorine pesticides on cellular metabolism of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates: A comprehensive review. Human and Experimental Toxicology, 30(9), 1119-1140.

Koynarski, T., Zapryanova, D., Atanasoff, A., Nikolov, G., Hristova, D., Secer, F.S. (2018). Seasonal fluctuations of innate immunity among three phylogenetically diverse fish. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(12), 8529-8535.

Kopp, R., Palikova, M., Mares, J., Navratil, S., Kubicek, Z., Zikova, A. (2011). Haematological indices are modulated in juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to microcystins produced by cyanobacterial water bloom. Journal of Fish Diseases, 34(2), 103-114.

Magnadottir, B., Audunsdottir, S, Bragason, B, Gisladottir, Z., Jonsson, S, Gudmundsdottir, S (2011). The acute phase response of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) humoral and cellular response. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 30(4-5), 1124-1130.

Mikulikova, I., Modra, H., Blahova, J., Kruzikova, K., Marsalek, P., Bedanova, I., Svobodova, Z. (2013). Recovery ability of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) after a short-term exposure to terbuthylazine. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 16(1), 17-23.

Nagaraju, B., Rathnamma, V. (2013). Effect of profenofos an organophosphate on protein levels in some tissues of fresh water fish Labeo rohita (Hamilton). International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5(1), 276-279.

Ramesh, M., Saravanan, M. (2008). Haematological and biochemical responses in a freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio exposed to chlorpyrifos. International Journal of Integrative Biology, 3(1), 80-83.

Sala-Rabanal, M., Sanchez, J., Ibarz, A., Fernandez-Borras, J., Blasco, J., Gallardo, M. (2003). Effects of low temperatures and fasting on hematology and plasma composition of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 29(2), 105-115.

Simko, E. (1998). Acute phase response to inflammation in salmonid fishes. PhD Thesis: University of Guelph, Guelph.

Tirziu, E. (2009). Acute-phase proteins in immune response. Lucrări Ştiinţifice Medicină Veterinară, 42(1), 329- 339.

Tothova, C., Nagy, O., Seidel, H., Kovac, G. (2011). Acute phase proteins as markers of diseases in farm animals. In F. Veas (Eds.), Acute phase proteins as markers of diseases in farm animals, acute phase proteins as early non-specific biomarkers of human and veterinary diseases (p. 231-258). Rijeka, CRO: InTech Press Inc. ISBN 978-953-307-873-1.

Tripathi, V., Singh, K. Mishra, N. Gupta, R. (2011). Evaluation of biochemical changes induced by lindane and chlorpyrifos in a freshwater catfish (Clarias batrachus) during spawning phase. Journal of Experimental Zoology, India, 14(1), 587-589.

Uribe, C., Folch, H., Enriquez, R., Moran, G. (2011). Innate and adaptive immunity in teleost fish: A review. Veterinarni Medicina, 56(10), 486-503.

Vani, T., Saharan, N., Roy, S., Ritesh Ranjan, A., Pal, G., Siddaiah, M., Kumar, R. (2012). Alteration in haematological and biochemical parameters of Catla catla exposed to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 38(6), 1577-1584.

Wang, J., Wei, Y., Li, X., Xu, M., Dai, J. (2007). Identification of differentially expressed genes from contaminant and thermal exposed goldfish (Carassius auratus) in Gaobeidian Lake in Beijing, China. Ecotoxicology, 16(7), 525-532.

Whyte, S. (2007). The innate immune response of finfish - A review of current knowledge. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 23(6), 1127-1151.

Yıldız, H., Ergönül, M. (2010). Is prophylactic formalin exposure a stress source for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)? Veterinary Journal of Ankara University, 57(2), 113-118.

Yonar, M., Saglam, N., Ispir, U. (2010). Effect of sulfamerazine on plasma ceruloplasmin levels in rinbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss). Turkish Journal of Science & Technology. 5(2), 79-84.