Orta Çağ’dan Günümüze Anadolu’da Üç Köklü Mandibular Daimî Molar Dişlerin Görülme Sıklıkları

Dişler iskeletin dış etkilere en dayanıklı yapılarındandır. Genlerin ve çevrenin etkilerinin araştırıldığı popülasyon, aile ve ikiz çalışmalarında da diş gelişiminin genellikle çevresel faktörlerden daha az etkilendiği ve önemli bir genetik bileşene sahip olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Biyokültürel akrabalık ilişkilerini, ağız sağlığını, ağız sağlığı ile yaşam biçimi ve beslenme alışkanlıkları arasındaki ilişkileri; ele geçen dişlerden metrik ölçümler alarak, patolojik oluşumları ya da varyasyonları inceleyerek anlamak mümkündür. Araştırmamızda dişlerde kök varyasyonlarından üç köklü mandibular molar dişler incelenmiş, Anadolu’da geçmişten günümüze bir değişimin olup olmadığına bakılmıştır. Çalışmamızda Ortaçağ’dan iki ve günümüzden bir olmak üzere üç ayrı topluluk incelenmiştir. Diş varyasyonlarının coğrafi farklılık gösterdiği ve üç köklü mandibular molar dişlerin Asyatik kökenli olduğu bilinmektedir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre günümüz toplumunda birinci molar dişlerde üç köke rastlanmazken ikinci molar dişlerde üç kök oranının geçmişten günümüze büyük oranda düşüş gösterdiği görülmüştür. Türkiye’de daha önce yapılmış farklı topluluklara ait çalışmalarda ise eski Anadolu toplumları ile günümüz toplumları arasında önemli bir değişim gözlenmediği, oranların birbirine yakın olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ölçülemeyen özellikler, diş, üç köklü mandibular molar

Frequency of Three-Rooted Mandibular Permanent Molars in Anatolia from the Middle Ages to the Present

Teeth are among the structures of the skeleton which are most resistant against external effects. It has also been put forth in population, family and twin studies examining the impacts of genes and the environment that tooth development is generally affected less from environmental factors and that it has a significant genetic component. It is possible to understand the biocultural kindredship relations, oral health, relationship between oral health and life style and nutritional habits by taking metric measurements from tooth, examining pathologic formations or variations. In our study, three-rooted mandibular permanent molars have been examined from among the root variations in teeth and it has been examined whether there has been any change in Anatolia from the past to the present. Three different populations were examined in our study; two of which were from the Medieval Period and one was current population. It is known that teeth variations differ geographically and that three-rooted mandibular permanent molars are of Asiatic origin. Whereas three-root was not observed in the first molar teeth in our current population, it was observed that the ratio of three-root in the second molar teeth declined significantly from the past to the present. It has been determined in studies carried out on different populations in Turkey that no significant changes have been observed between Anatolian populations of the past and today’s populations and that the ratios are close to each other.

Keywords:

Nonmetric traits, dental, three-rooted mandibular molars,

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