Murat YURDAKOK, Şule YİĞİT, Davut BOZKAYA, Hasan Tolga ÇELİK

Is serum irisin level lower in neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes?

Aim: Irisin is a newly identified myokine that is released from skeletal muscles after exercise and has a regulatory role on energymetabolism. Low serum irisin causes glucose metabolism disorder and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to assessneonatal irisin levels in infants born to mothers with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Material and Methods: Hundred neonates born at gestational ages of 26-40 weeks were included in the study. Neonates born tomothers with GDM comprised one group; neonates born to mothers without GDM were evaluated in three groups: appropriate forgestational age (AGA), small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA) infants. Peripheral blood samples wereobtained at postnatal 48 hours and analyzed for serum irisin levels by ELISA.Results: Serum irisin levels in infants born to GDM mothers were significantly lower (mean 0.81 ng/ml) than AGA newborns ofhealthy mothers (mean 1.21 ng/ml) (p=0.017). Serum irisin levels were not correlated with gestational age, birth weight, Z-score, orBMI (p>0.05).Conclusion: This study show that serum irisin levels are lower in infants born to GDM. Lower irisin levels in the neonatal period mayincrease the risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and glucose metabolism disorder later in life.

PDF

___

1. Bostrom P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, et al. A PGC1-alpha dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature 2012;481:463-8.
2. Stengel A, Hofmann T, Goebel-Stengel M, et al. Circulating levels of irisin in patients with anorexia nervosa and different stages of obesity--correlation with body mass index. Peptides 2013;39:125-30.
3. Padoan A, Rigano S, Ferrazzi E, et al. Differences in fat and lean mass proportions in normal and growth-restricted fetuses. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;191:1459-64.
4. Yajnik CS. Early life origins of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in India and other Asian countries. J Nutr 2004;134:205-10.
5. Choi YK, Kim MK, Bae KH, et al. Serum irisin levels in newonset type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2013:96-101.
6. Liu JJ, Wong MD, Toy WC, et al. Lower circulating irisin is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 2013;27:365-9.
7. Park KH, Zaichenko L, Brinkoetter M, et al. Circulating irisin in relation to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013;98:4899-907.
8. Caglar M, Goksu M, Isenlik BS, et al. Irisin in idiopathic foetal growth restriction. J Endocrinol Invest 2014;37:619-24.
9. Ojha S, Robinson L, Yazdani M, et al. Brown adipose tissue genes in pericardial adipose tissue of newborn sheep are downregulated by maternal nutrient restriction in late gestation. Pediatr Res 2013;74:246-51.
10. Van de Lagemaat M, Rotteveel J, Lafeber HN, et al. Lean mass and fat mass accretion between term age and 6 months post-term in growth-restricted preterm infants. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014;68:1261-3.
11. Harrington TA, Thomas EL, Frost G, et al. Distribution of adipose tissue in the newborn. Pediatr Res 2004;55:437-41. 12. Simmons RA. Developmental origins of adult disease. Pediatr Clin North Am 2009;56:449-66.
13. Fenton TR, Kim JH. A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants. BMC Pediatr 2013;13:59.
14. International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Consensus Panel, Metzger BE, Gabbe SG, et al. International association of diabetes and pregnancy study groups recommendations on the diagnosis and classi) cation of hyperglycemia in pregnancy. Diabetes Care 2010;33:676-82.
15. Caglar M, Goksu M, Isenlik BS, et al. Irisin in idiopathic foetal growth restriction. J Endocrinol Invest 2014;37:619-24.
16. Baka S, Malamitsi-Puchner A, Boutsikou T, et al. Cord blood irisin at the extremes of fetal growth. Metabolism 2015;64:1515-20.
17. Joung KE, Park KH, Filippaios A, et al. Cord blood irisin levels are positively correlated with birth weight in newborn infants. Metabolism 2015;64:1507-14.
18. Garces MF, Peralta JJ, Ruiz-Linares CE, et al. Irisin levels during pregnancy and changes associated with the development of preeclampsia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014;99:2113-9.
19. Dabelea D. The predisposition to obesity and diabetes in offspring of diabetic mothers. Diabetes care 2007;30:169- 74.
20. Ornoy A. Growth and neurodevelopmental outcome of children born to mothers with pregestational and gestational diabetes. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2005;3:104-13.
21. Liu BW, Yin FZ, Qi XM, et al. The Levels of Serum Irisin as a Predictor of Insulin Resistance in Han Chinese Adults with Metabolically Healthy Obesity. Clin Lab 2017;63:881-6.
22. Yuksel MA, Oncul M, Tuten A, et al. Maternal serum and fetal cord blood irisin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014;104:171-5.