Onur İŞÇİ, TARİH YAZIMININ DEĞİŞEN MEVSİMLERİ

YÜZÜNCÜ YILINDA EKİM DEVRİMİ VE

1917 Rus devrimleri üzerine yazılan tarih incelemelerine genel bir bakış atan bu makalede iki temel mesele ele alınıyor. İlk olarak 1917 Rus Devrimi"nin temel nedenlerini çevreleyen başlıca bilimsel tartışmalar üzerinde duruluyor ve 1917 ihtilalcilerini kışkırtan sosyal problemlerin günümüz bilim insanlarının halâ kafalarını neden karıştırmaya devam ettiği tartışılıyor. İkinci olarak, Şubat-Ekim arası hükümetsiz dönemin ve Rusya"nın çifte hükümetle (Petrograd Sovyeti ve Geçici Hükümet) olan sorunlu ilişkisinin tarihsel anlamı incelenirken, Ekim 1917"deki Bolşevik darbesine yol açan rollerini görebilmek için Orlando Figes"in "demokratik sosyalizmin Hamletleri" olarak adlandırdığı aktörlere değiniliyor. Makalenin sonuç kısmında ise, tarih literatüründeki değişen eğilimler, Rusya"nın son dönemine ilişkin konular, ve tarihçilerin 30 yıla yakın bir zamandır sürdürdükleri tartışmalar inceleniyor

Ankara Üniversitesi

The present work seeks to provide readers of Russian history with a brief historiographical synopsis of the Romanov Empire‟s revolutionary years in 1917. I plan to divide my paper into two parts. First, I plan to reflect on major scholarly debates surrounding the root causes of the Russian Revolutions of 1917. Instead of delving into a detailed descriptive analysis, I will focus on certain key moments of the revolution and discuss why the underlying social problems that provoked the revolutionaries in 1917 still puzzle contemporary scholars. Ultimately, I will conclude by looking at historians‟ perceptions of the events of 1917, roughly three decades ago, to explain changing trends in the discipline

PDF

___

Ascher, Abraham (1988), The Revolution of 1905, Russia in Disarray (Stanford: Stanford University Press).
Ascher, Abraham (1953), “The Kornilov Affair”, Russian Review, 4: 242-262.
Asher, Harvey (1970), “The Kornilov Affair“, Russian Review, 29 (3): 284-303.
Braudel, Fernand (1992), On History (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).
Bukhovets, Oleg (1988), “Political Consciousness of the Russian Peasantry in the Revolution of 1905-1907”, Russian Review, 47 (4): 20-39.
Carr, Edward H. (1950), The Bolshevik Revolution: 1917— 1923 (London: Macmillan).
Chamberlin, William (1935), The Russian Revolution 1917 1921 (New York: The Macmillan Company).
Chamberlin, William (1970), “The Kornilov Mutiny", Dziewanowski, M. (Der.), The Russian Revolution: An Anthology (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company).
Clowes, Edith, Samuel Kassow ve James West (1991), Between Tsar and People: Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia (Princeton: Princeton University Press).
Crisp, Olga ve Linda Edmondson (1989), Civil Rights in Imperial Russia (New York: Clarendon Press).
Onur İşçi Yüzüncü Yılında Ekim Devrimi ve Tarih Yazımının Değişen Mevsimleri “23 Denikin, Anton (1992) The White Army (Cambridge: Ian Faulkner Publishing).
Emmons, Terence (1995), “Revolution from Above in Russia: Reflections on Natan Eidel’man’s Last Book and Related Matters", Taranovski, T. (Der.), Reform in Modern Russian History (New York: Woodrow Wilson Center Press).
Erickson, Healey Ann (1976), The Russian Aristocracy in Crises, 1905-1907 (Connecticut: Archon Book).
Ferro, Mark (1971), “The Russian Soldier in 1917: Undisciplined, Patriotic and Revolutionary”, Slavic Review, 30 (3): 488-508.
Figes, Orlando (1996), People’s Tragedy: The Russian Revolution, 1891 1924 (London: Pimlico).
Fitzpatrick, Sheila (1994), The Russian Revolution (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Fitzpatrick, Sheila (2005), Tear Off The Masks (Princeton: Princeton University Press).
Florinsky, Michael (1949), “Twilight of Absolutism”, Russian Review, (4): 320-340.
Gerschenkron, Alexander (1970), “Problems and Patterns of Russian Economic Development", Cherniavsky, M. (Der.), The Structure of Russian Histoıy: Interpretive Essays (New York: Random House).
Hamburg, GM. (1979), “The Russian Nobility on the Eve of the 1905 Revolution”, Russian Review, 38 (3): 1-22.
Harcave, Sidney (1964), First Blood: The Russian Revolution of 1905 (London: The Bodley Head).
Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi (1981), The February Revolution: Petrograd 1917 (Seattle: University of Washington Press).
Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi (2000), “The February Revolution”, Edward, Acton ve Vladimir Cherniaev (Der.), Critical Companion to the Russian Revolution: 1914— 1921 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press).
Hosking, Geoffrey (1997), Russia, People and Empire 1552-1917 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press).
İşçi, Onur (2006), “Myth Making: The Kornilov Affair in Soviet Historiography", Tarih incelemeleri, XXI (2): 119-138.
Katkov, George (1980), Russia 1917: The Kornilov Affair (New York: Longman Inc).
Keep, John (1976), The Russian Revolution: Study in Mass Mobilization (London: Weidenteld and Nicolson).
Kenez, Peter (1972), “Changes in the Social Composition of the Officer Corps during World War 1”, The Russian Review, 31 (4): 42-64.
Kenez, Peter (1980), “The Ideology of the White Movement,” Soviet Studies, 32 (1): 16-32.
Kerensky, Alexander (1919), The Prelude to Bolshevism: The Kornilov Rebellion (London: T. Fischer Unwin Ltd).
Kowalski, Ronald (1997), The Russian Revolution: 1917— 1921 (London: Routledge).
McKenzie, Pinter ve Don Rowney (1980), Russian Officialdom: The Bureaucratization of Russian Society from the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press).
Mehlinger, Howard ve John Thompson (1972), Count Witte and the Tsarist Government in the 1905 Revolution (Bloomington: Indiana University Press).
“24 Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 72 (4) Miliukov, Pavel (1967), Political Memoirs 1905-1907 (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press) (Çev. Carl Goldberg).
Moorehead, Alan (1958), The Russian Revolution (London: Collins and Hamish Hamilton).
Nahirny, Vladimir (1983), The Russian Intelligentsia: From Torment to Silence (New Jersey: Transaction Books).
Nolde, Boris (1948), L’Ancien régime et la revolution russes (Librarie Armand Colin).
Orlovsky, Daniel (1991 ), The Limits of Reform: The Ministry of Internal Affairs in Imperial Russia, 1802-1881 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press).
Owen, Thomas (1985), “The Russian Industrial Society and Tsarist Economic Policy, 1867-1905", The Journal of Economic History, 45 (3): 587-606.
Pankratova, Anna (1940), Pervaya Russkaya Revolyutsiya, 1905-1907 gg. (Moskva: Politizdat).
Pares, Bernard (1939), The Fall of the Russian Monarch: Study of Evidence (London: Jonathan Cage).
Petrosyan, Yuriy Asatovic (1974), Sovyet Gözüyle Jöntürk/er (Istanbul: Bilgi).
Pipes, Richard (1997), “Black Bread: Review of People‘s Tragedy by Orlando Figes”, The New Republic, 216:13-36.
Pipes, Richard (1990), The Russian Revolution: 1899— 1919 (New York: Knopf).
Poe, Marshall (2003), The Russian Movement in World History (Princeton: Princeton University Press).
Raeff, Marc (1979), “The Bureaucratic Phenomenon of Imperial Russia, 1700-1905”, American Historical Review, 84 (2): 401 -421.
Read, Christopher (1996), From Tsar to Soviets: The Russian People and Their Revolution (London: UCL Press).
Richard, Robbins (1975), Famine in Russia: 1891-1892 (New York: Columbia University Press).
Rieber, Alfred (1978), “Bureaucratic Politics in Imperial Russia", Social Science History, (4): 399- 413.
Roosa, Ruth (1972), “Russian Industrialists and 'State Socialism', 1906-17”, Soviet Studies, 23 (3): 395-417.
Salisbury, Harrison (1978), Black Night, White Snow: Russian Revolutions, 1905-1917 (New York: Doubleday).
Saul, Norman (1973), “Lenin‘s decision to Seize Power: The Influence of Events in Finland", Soviet Studies, 24 (4): 491-505.
Schimmelpenninck Van der Oye, David (2001), Toward the Rising Sun: Russian Ideologies of Empire and the Path to War with Japan (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press).
Senchakova, Larisa (1994), Prigovory Nakazy Rossiiskogo Krestianstva 1905-1907 gg.: Po Materialam Tsentralnykh Gubernii (Moskva: Institut Rossiiskoi istorii).
Service, Robert (1992), Society and Politics in the Rusisian Revolution (New York: St. Martin‘s Press).
Shanin, Teodor (1986), Russia, 1905-07: Revolution as Moment of Truth (New Haven: Yale University Press).
Skocpol, Theda (1979), “State and Revolution: Old Regimes and Revolutionary Crises in France, Russia and China", Theory and Society, 7: 1-10.
Onur İşçi Yüzüncü Yılında Ekim Devrimi ve Tarih Yazımının Değişen Mevsimleri “25 Sohrabi, Nadir (1995), “Historicizing Revolutions: Constitutional Revolutions in the Ottoman Empire, Iran and Russia, 1905-1908", The American Journal of Sociology, 100 (6): 138-145.
Spector, Ivan (1962), The First Russian Revolution and Its Impact on Asia (New Jersey: Prentice Hall).
Starr, Frederick (1972), Decentralization and Self-Government in Russia, 1830-1870 (Princeton: Princeton University Press).
Steinberg, Jonathan (2005), The Russo-Japanese War in Global Perspective: World War Zero (Leiden: Brill).
Stepniak, Sergei (1997), The Russian Peasant/y (London: Sonnenschein).
Stone, Norman (1975), The Eastern Front: 1914-17(New York: Charles Scribner's Sons).
Stone, Norman (1999), Europe Transformed, 1878— 1919 (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers).
Struve, Peter (1994), The lntelligentsia and Revolution (New York: ME. Sharp) (Çev. M. S. Shatz ve J. E. Zimmerman).
Tager, Alexander (1935), The Decay of Czarism: The Bei/iss Trial (Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America).
Turnbull, Daniel (1989), “The Defeat of Popular Representation, December 1904: Prince Mirskii, Witte and the Imperial Family", Slavic Review, 48 (1): 59-78.
Von Hagen, Mark (1997), “The Russian Empire,” Barkey, Karen ve Mark von Hagen (Der.) After Empire: Multiethnic Societies and Nation Building (Colorado: Westview Press).
Wildman, Alan (1992), “Officers of the General Staff and the Kornilov Movement”, Frankel, Rogovin Edith ve Baruch Knei—Paz (Der.), Revolution in Russia: Reassessments of 1917 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Witte, Sergei (1909), The Memoirs of Count Witte (New York: Double Day) (Çev. Abraham Yarmolinsky.
Wood, Alan (1981), “Russia-1905: Dress Rehearsal for Revolution”, History Today, 31: 28-39.