Çevreciliğin İdeolojik Unsurlarının Eklenmesi

Temelde iki karşıt yaklaşımın çevrecilikle ilgili tartışmaları belirlediği söylenebilir. Varolan siyasal ideolojilerin çevre konularını kapsayarak kendi alanlarını genişlettikleri görüşü, çevreciliği bir ideoloji olarak kabul etmezken, ikinci yaklaşım çevreciliğin ayrı bir siyasal ideoloji olduğunu savunur. Her iki perspektifin ortak kusuru ise ideolojik unsurların birbirleriyle ilişkisini göz ardı etmeleridir. Böyle bir hareket noktasından yola çıkan bu yazı, çevreciliğin karakteristiğini ortaya koymak üzere ideolojik unsurlarının kapsamlı bir siyasal proje içinde eklemlenişini tartışır. Tartışma çevreci ideologların ve Yeşil partilerin ürettikleri metinlere dayanmakta, Yeşil siyasal kuramla ilgili çalışmalardan da kısmen yararlanmaktadır. Yazı, çevreciliğin unsurları olarak endüstriyelizmin eleştirisi, büyümenin sınırlandırılması, nüfusun azaltılması, uygun teknoloji, eko-merkezcilik, ekolojik toplum, çevreci özne, strateji ve taktikleri ele almakta, bunların birbirleriyle ilişkisini ve iletişimini araştırmaktadır. Çevreciliğin geçmiş ve geleceği şimdi içinde eriten zaman kavramı, unsurların eklemlenişini bütünlemektedir. Yazı, çevreciliğin çok yönlü bir eleştirisine girişmeksizin, siyasal projesi olan ekolojik topluma geçişle ve farkında olmadan ima ettiği düşünce-beden, insan-doğa ikiliği ile ilgili sorunlardan kaynaklanan sınırlılıklarını analiz ederek sona ermektedir.

The Articulation of Ideological Elements of Ecologism

Broadly speaking, there are two opposing perspectives which dominate the debate on ecologism. The first does not accept ecologism as a distinct political ideology while the second argues the other way round. However, a common flaw in both perspectives is to overlook the relationships among ideological elements of a political ideology. From this point of departure, the paper discusses the articulation of ideological elements of ecologism into an overall political project to reveal the distinctive characteristic of it. The discussion is based on the texts produced by the ecologist ideologues and Green parties and in part employs the works on Green political theory. The paper exposes the relationships and dialogues among the ecologist critique of industrialism, the idea of limits to growth, the view of a decrease of the human population, eco-centrism, appropriate technology, ecological society, ecologist agency, strategy and tactics. Ecologism's concept of time is regarded as complementary to the articulation of these ideological elements. Without embarking upon a thorough criticism of ecologism, the paper concludes with an analysis of its limitations arising from the problems pertaining to the transition to ecological society as the political project and the mind-body / human-nature dualism unwittingly implied.

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