Klevis KOLASİ, Atay AKDEVELİOĞLU, Çınar ÖZEN

Bölgesel Düzen Anlayışında Değişim: Hegemonik Bölgeselcilikten Yeni Bölgeselciliğe Geçiş

Bölgeselcilik ve küreselleşme, ne ölçüde rakip siyasi proje ve görüşlere işaret eder? Makalenin temel sorunsalı, bu sorudur. Liberal uluslararası düzenin çözülmesiyle ilgili tartışmalardan beslenen mevcut literatür, yeni bölgeselcilik dalgasını küreselleşme karşıtlığı biçiminde değerlendirme eğilimindedir. Bu makale, literatüre hakim olan bu karşıtlığı sorgulayarak onu aşmanın akademik yararları üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Makale, Yeni Bölgeselcilik yaklaşımına dayanarak, yeni bölgeselcilik sürecinin, hem neoliberal küreselleşmenin bir bileşeni, hem de onun doğurduğu sorunlara bir tepki olarak geliştiği varsayımından hareket etmektedir. Küreselleşme, yaygın biçimde, bütünleşme ile özdeşleştirilmektedir. Yeni bölgeselcilik ise tam tersine, küresel bütünleşme karşıtlığı olarak anlamlandırılmaktadır. Bu yaygın siyah ve beyaz ayrımı kadar net yargıları kabul etmek, aslında çok daha gri olan gerçekliği görmemizi engellemektedir. Dolayısıyla makalede şu sonuca varılmıştır: Yeni bölgeselcilik dalgası ne basitçe küreselleşme karşıtlığı biçiminde, ne de geleneksel bütünleşme olgusunun bir türü olarak anlaşılabilir. Aksine, neoliberal küreselleşmenin yıkıcı toplumsal sonuçları bağlamında ortaya çıkan yeni bölgeselcilik, küreselleşme sürecinin belirli yönlerini yeniden müzakere etmeyi amaçlayan bölgesel siyasi çabalara işaret eder.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bölgeselcilik, Yeni Bölgeselcilik, Bölgesel Düzenler, Neoliberal Küreselleşme, Uluslararası İlişkiler Teorileri

Change in the of Regional Order Approach: Transition from Hegemonic Regionalism to New Regionalism

To what extent do regionalism and globalization refer to competing political projects and views? The current literature, fed by the debates about the disintegration of the liberal international order, tends to view the new wave of regionalism as anti-globalisation. This article questions this dominant dichotomy in the literature and focuses on the benefits of overcoming it. Drawing on the New Regionalism approach, the article proceeds from the assumption that the new regionalism process develops both as a component of neoliberal globalization and as a reaction to the problems it poses. Therefore, the new wave of regionalism cannot be understood simply as anti-globalisation, or as a variant of the traditional phenomenon of integration. Rather, the new regionalism emerging in the context of the devastating social consequences of neoliberal globalization, points to regional political efforts aimed at renegotiating certain aspects of the globalization process.

Keywords:

Regionalism, New Regionalism, Regional Orders, Neoliberal Globalization, Theories of International Relations,

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