Bilal ORFALI

Şifahi ve Yazılı: e - e ālibī'nin Yetīmetu'd-Dehr ve Tetimmetu'l-Yetime'sinde kullandığı kaynaklar üzerine bir çalışma

Bu makale, Ebū Man ṣ ūr e - e ālibīnin telif ettiği Yetīmetud-Dehr fī Ma ḥ āsini Ehlil- Aṣr veonun zeyli Tetimmetul-Yetīme adlı iki temel antolojinin yazılı, şifahi ve işitsel kaynaklarınıincelemektedir. Bu iki eser, müellifin çağındaki literatürü coğrafi bölgeler açısından elealmaktadır. Makale, 4/10. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında aktif olan ve her iki eser için başlıcaotoriteleri teşkil eden bir edibler (udebā ) ağını açığa çıkarmaktadır. Yetīme ve Tetimme deki kaynakların incelenmesi, şifahi aktarıma geri dönüşün olduğunu ve henüz kitaplarda kayıtaltına alınmamış bilgilerin bunu zorunlu kıldığını tesbit etmektedir. Buna ilave olarak, makalee - e ālibīnin haberlerin aktarımında divanlar, kitaplar ve diğer yazılı m ateryallerinyardımına başvurduğunu da ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Kaynakların bu çeşitliliği, Yetīme ve Tetimme nin bütün bölümlerinde aynı değildir.

The oral and the Written: A Study on the Sources of al-Tha ālibī in his Yatīmat al-Dahr and Tatimmat al-Yatīma

This paper surveys the written, oral, and aural sources of two major anthologies, the Yatīmatal-Dahr fī Ma ḥ āsin Ahl al- Aṣr and its sequel the Tatimma t al-Yatīma of Abū Man ṣ ūr al-Thaʿālibī, which deal exclusively with contemporary literature based on geographical regions.The paper uncovers a network of littérateurs, active in the second half of the fourth/tenthcentury, who constituted the major authorities for b oth works. The survey of the sources in theYatīma and the Tatimma strongly evinces a return to oral transmission, necessitated by thenewness of the information that had yet to be recorded in books. The survey also reveals theuse of complementary transmissions through dīwān s, books , and other written materials. Thisdistribution of sources is not uniform throughout the aqsām of the Yatīma and the Tatimma .Everett Rowson,al-Tha ālib ī,EI2, v.10, pp.426a-427b; Carl Brockelmann, Geschichte derarabischen Litteratur (Leiden: Brill, 1943 -9), v.1, pp.284 -6, S I: 499 -502; Clifford EdmundBosworth (tr.), The La ṭā if al-Ma ārif of Tha ālibī [The Book of Curious and EntertainingInformation] (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1968), pp.1 -31; Bilal Orfali,The Artof Anthology: Al-Tha ālib ī and His Yatīmat al-Dahr (Ph.D Dissertation , Yale University,New Haven, 2009);

PDF

___

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (tr.). The Laṭā if al- Ma ārif of Tha ālibī [The Book of Curious and Entertaining Information] . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1968 .
Brockelmann, Carl. Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur. Leiden: Brill, 1943 -9.
Coulson, N. J. European Criticism of Ḥadīth Literature, in A. F. L. Beeston et al. (ed.). Arabic Literature to the End of the Umayyad Period (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983 ), pp.317 - 321.
Crone, Patricia. Slaves on Horses: The Evolution of the Islamic Polity. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1980, pp. 7 -15.
Fleischhammer, Manfred. Die Quellen des Kitāb al-Aġānī. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2004.
Fück, Johann. Die Rolle des Traditionalismus im Islam, Zeitschrift de r Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 93 (1939), pp. 1 -32.
Gelder, Geert Jan van. Muḥdathūn, EI2 Suppl. , pp.637 - 40.
Günther, Sebastian. Assessing the Sources of Classical Arabic Compilations, British Journal ofMiddle Eastern Studies 32 (2005), pp.75 -98.
---------- . »nor have I learned it from any book of theirs« Abū l-Faraj al-I ṣ fahānī: A Medieval Arabic Author at Work, in R. Brunner et al. (ed.), Islamstudien ohne Ende: Festschrift für Werner Ende zum 65. Geburtstag ([Heidelberg]: Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft, 2000) , pp. 139- 154.
Kilpatrick, Hilary. Making the Great Book of Songs: Compilation and the Authors Craft in Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣ bahānīs Kitāb al- Aghānī. London; New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.
---------- . The Genuine Ash ab: The Relativity of Fact and Fiction in Early Adab Texts, in Stefen Leder (ed.), Story- telling in the Framework of Non- fictional Arabic Literature (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1998 ), pp.94- 117.
Leder, Stefen. Prosa - Dichtung in der aḫbār Überlieferung, De r Islam 64 ( 1987 ), pp. 6- 41.
---------- . The Literary Use of the Khabar: A Basic Form of Historical Writing, in A. Cameron and L. Conrad (ed.), The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East I: Problems in the Literary Source Material (Princeton: Darwin Press, 1992), pp.277 - 315.
Motzki, Harald. Origins of Islamic Jurisprudence . Tr. Marion H. Katz. Leiden: Brill, 2002.
Nöldeke, Th. Geschichte des Qorans , 2nd ed. Hildesheim: Olms, 1961.
Orfali, Bilal. The Art of Anthology: A l-Tha ālibī and His Yatīmat al-Dahr, Ph.D. Dissertation, Yale University, New Haven, 2009.
---------- . The Art of the Muqaddima in the Works of Abū Manṣ ūr al- Thaʿālibī, in Lale Behzadi and Vahid Behmardi (ed.), The Weaving of Words: Approaches to Classical Arabic Prose ( Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut, 2009), pp.181 - 202.
---------- . The Sources of al- Tha ālibī in Yatīmat al- Dahr and Tatimmat al- Yatīma, Middle Eastern Literatures 16 (2013), pp.1 -47.
---------- . The Works of Abū Manṣ ūr al-Tha ālibī (350-429/961 -1039), Journal of Arabic Literature 40 (2009), pp.273 -318.
Rowson, Everett. al-Tha ālibī, EI2 , v.10, pp.426a -427b.
Rowson, Everett and Seeger A. Bonebakker. A Computerized Listing of Biographical Data from the Yatīmat al- Dahr by al-Thaʿālibī. Malibu: UNDENA Publications, 1980.
Schacht, Joseph. The Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence . Oxford: Clarendon, 1950.
Schoeler, Gregor. The Genesis of Literature in Islam: From the Aural to the Read. Tr. Shawkat Toorawa. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2009.
Stetkevych, Suzanne Pinckney. Abū Tammām and the Poetics of the ʿAbbāsid Age Leiden & New York: Brill, 1991.
Toorawa, Shawkat. Ibn Abī Ṭāhir Ṭayfūr and Arabic Writerly Culture: A Ninth- Century Bookman in Baghdad. London & New York: Routledge Curzon, 2005.
Werkmeister, Walter. Quellenuntersuchungen zum Kitāb al- iqd al- farīd des Andalusiers Ibn Abdrabbih (240/860-328/940). Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 1983.