Gökhan TÖRET, Hayri Eren SUNA, Selda ÖZDEMİR, Ömür Gürel SELİMOĞLU

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan ve Tipik Gelişim Gösteren Çocukların Üç Boyutlu Animasyon ve Canlı İnsan Model Video Materyalleri Üzerinde Yüz İşlemelerinin Karşılaştırılması

Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan çocuklar yüz işleme becerilerinde önemli sınırlılıklar sergilemektedirler. Bu çalışmada, bilgisayar ekranı aracılığıyla izletilen üç boyutlu (3B) animasyon karakteri ile canlı model tarafından öykü anlatımı içerikli video sunumunun OSB olan çocuklar ile tipik gelişim gösteren (TGG) çocukların yüz işleme becerileri değişkenleri olan a) toplam odaklanma süreleri ve b) toplam ziyaret süreleri üzerindeki etkilerinin göz izleme yöntemi ile karşılaştırılarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma grubunu 5-12 yaş aralığında bulunan 23 TGG ve 21 OSB olan çocuk oluşturmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, TGG çocuklara göre OSB olan çocukların insan yüzüne odaklanmaları üzerinde video modeli ile karşılaştırıldığında 3B animasyon modeli aracılığıyla sunulan öykü anlatımı lehine etkileri olduğu ve 3B animasyon kullanımında OSB olan çocukların insan yüzlerine daha fazla odaklandıkları bulgulanmıştır. Bu bulguların yanı sıra, OSB olan çocukların, TGG çocuklara oranla sıra dışı yüz işleme becerilerine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, OSB olan çocuklarda yüz işleme becerileri ve müdahale uygulamalarına olası yansımaları bağlamında alanyazında var olan ilgili araştırmalar çerçevesinde tartışılmış ve ileride yapılacak araştırmalara yönelik önerilere yer verilmiştir.

A Comparison of Face Processing of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Typically Developing Children in Three Dimensional Animation and Live Human Video Material

Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have significant difficulties in face processing skills. In this study, differential effects of stories presented via a three dimensional (3D) animation and a video were explored on the face processing skills (total fixation duration and total visit duration) of children with ASD and typically developing children. Study groups were consisted of 23 children with ASD and 21 typically developing children between the age of 5 and 12. Results of the study showed that children with ASD displayed differential face processing skills while watching the 3D animation when compared to the video, specifically, children with ASD displayed better fixation skills on face areas during the 3D animation. Study findings also showed that children with ASD showed atypical face processing skills when compared to typically developing children’s face processing skills. Study results were discussed in regard to literature on children with ASD’s face processing skills and potential intervention approaches, and suggestions for future research were provided.

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