Aynur KARADAĞ, Buket ALTINOK, Tülin ÖZKAN, Yalda HEKMATSHOAR

Kemik İliği Stroması: Hücreleri ve Mikroçevresi

Kemik iliği olgunlaşmamış ve olgunlaşmış kan hücrelerinin yapısal stromal hücrelerle kapatıldığı özel bir yerdir. Bu süngerimsi yağ dokusu, insan kafatası, göğüs kafesi, kaburgalar, pelvis ve femurlar gibi kemiklerin içinde bulunur. Kemik iliği, sinüzoid olarak adlandırılan özelleştirilmiş fenestra kapiller dahil olmak üzere, uzmanlaşmış kan damarları aracılığıyla beslenir ve dolaşıma bağlanır. Bu sinüzoidler retiküler fibroblastlar tarafından üretilen sünger benzeri hücre dışı matrise (ECM) nüfuz eder ve bu hücreler ve proteinler, hematopoietik hücreleri ayrı bölmelere yerleştirir. Kemik iliğinde, hematopoietik hücreler, stromal hücreler, ECM, sitokinler, büyüme faktörleri ve kemokinler ihtiva eden özel mikroçevreler bulunur. Bu mikroçevrede gelişmekte olan hematopoietik hücreler hayatta kalmak, farklılaşmak ve çoğalmak için sinyal alırlar. Kemik iliği mikroçevresi löseminin ve diğer kanser türlerinin gelişiminde ve ilerlemesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Birçok yönden, kemik iliği malign hücrelerin büyümesi için ideal bir mikroçevre sağlamaktadır. Bu derlemede, kemik iliği mikroçevresinin görevi ve mikroçevreyi oluşturan hücrelerin hakkında genel bilgi verilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kemik iliği, Hematopoetik kök hücre, Mezenkimal kök hücre, Mikroçevre

Bone marrow is a specialized site of structural stromal cells of immature and mature blood cells. It is found in bones such as the human skull, rib cage, ribs, pelvis and femur. Bone marrow is connected to the invention and circulation through specialized blood vessels, including specialized fenestrated capillaries called sinusoids. These sinusoids penetrate sponge-like extracellular cells which is produced by fibroblasts, and place hematopoietic cells, proteins in separate compartments. Bone marrow contains specialized microchips containing hematopoietic cells, stromal cells, ECM, cytokines, growth factors and chemokines. In this microenvironment, developing hematopoietic cells are signaling for survival, differentiation and proliferation. Bone marrow microenvironment plays an important role in the development and progression of leukemia and other types of cancer. In many ways, bone marrow provides an ideal microenvironment for growth of malignant cells. In this review, general information about the role of the bone marrow microenvironment and the cells forming the microenvironment is given

Keywords:

Bone marrow, Hematopoietic stem cell, Mesenchymal stem cell, Microenvironment,

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