YAPAY ZEKANIN KULLANILDIĞI SİLAHLI ÇATIŞMALARDA ANLAMLI İNSAN KONTROLÜNÜN BİR ULUSLARARASI HUKUK NORMU OLARAK KABULÜ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Otonom silah sistemlerinin kullanımıyla ilgili önemli bir endişe alanı, insanların bir silah sistemi üzerindeki kontrolünün tamamını olmasa da bir kısmını bir bilgisayara vermesini içermesidir. Bu fikir, bir bilgisayarın silah sistemlerini otonom bir şekilde çalıştırma yeteneğinin, bu sistemlerin kontrolünü silahlı kuvvetlerin sınırlarının ötesine koyduğu endişeleriyle ilgilidir. Bu makale, anlamlı insan kontrolü kavramının süregelen söylemde oynadığı rolü incelemekte, anlamlı insan kontrolünün neleri gerektirdiğine dair mevcut perspektifleri açıklamakta ve bu makalede sunulan otonom silah sistemleri analizi bağlamında değerini gözden geçirmektedir. Bu makalede, daha geniş tartışmada olduğu gibi, anlamlı insan kontrolü terimi, belirli bir saldırının uluslararası insancıl hukuk kurallarına uygun olarak kabul edilmesi için gerekli olarak algılanan bir niteliği tanımlamak için kullanılmaktadır. Asgari düzeyde insan kontrolüne izin veren veya bunu gerektiren belirli bir silah sistemleri sınıfını ifade etmez; daha ziyade, uluslararası insancıl hukuk kurallarına yasal olarak uygun bir saldırıda kullanılan bir silahın esasen anlamlı bir insan kontrolü düzeyi içereceği sonucunu çıkarır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

anlamlı insan kontrolü, yapay zeka, otonom silah sistemleri, uluslararası insancıl hukuk, martens kaydı

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ACCEPTANCE OF MEANINGFUL HUMAN CONTROL AS A NORM OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN ARMED CONFLICTS USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

One major area of concern in relation to the use of autonomous weapon systems is that it involves humans giving some, if not all, control over a weapon system to a form of computer. This idea relates to the concerns that a computer’s ability to autonomously operate weapon systems puts the control of these systems beyond the bounds of the armed forces. This article examines the role that the concept of meaningful human control plays in the ongoing discourse, describes current perspectives of what meaningful human control entails, and reviews its value in the context of the analysis of AWS presented in this article. Within this article, as is the case in the wider debate, the term meaningful human control is used to describe a quality that is perceived to be essential for a given attack to be considered to be compliant with international humanitarian law rules. It does not denote a specific class of weapon systems that permit or require a minimum level of human control; rather, it infers that a weapon that is used in an attack that is legally compliant with international humanitarian law rules would essentially incorporate a meaningful level of human control.

Keywords:

meaningful human control, artificial intelligence, autonomous weapon systems, international humanitarian law, martens clause,

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