İNSAN HAKLARI EKSENİNDE İNTERNETİN KONTROLÜ VE HUKUKİ SORUMLULUK REJİMİ

Öz İnternet, küresel bir bilgiye erişim ve iletişim ağıdır. İnternet, her geçen gün büyümekte; sosyal, ekonomik, kültürel, siyasi veya ticari amaçlarla kullanılmaktadır. Bireysel kullanımın yanı sıra kamu hizmetlerinin sunumunda da artık varsayılan mecra internet olmuştur. İnternet ortamında sınıflandırılması neredeyse mümkün olmayan çeşitlilik ve boyutta içerik barındırılmaktadır. Bu içerikler, önceden belirlenmemiş güzergâhlarla ağda dolaşıma girmekte ve ülkelerin sınırlarını sadece saniyeler içinde aşmaktadır. Benzeri görülmemiş derecede büyük, dağıtık ve kendine özgü teknik yapısı olan, çok farklı egemenlik alanlarını, kurumları ve kişileri ilgilendiren bir yapının nasıl düzenleneceği hem ulusal hem de uluslararası hukukun en temel meselelerinden biri hâline gelmiştir. Bilhassa internetin kontrolünün ve internet ortamındaki içerikten sorumluluğun nasıl olacağı güncel bir sorun olarak belirmiştir. Nihayetinde, internetin kullanım alanlarının genişlemesi ve interneti kullanan kişi gruplarının çeşitlenmesi sebebiyle aynı anda birden çok hakkın etkilenmesi, kısıtlanması ve hatta özüne dokunulması kaçınılmaz olmaktadır. Bu makale, internetin kontrolü ve internet ortamında hukuki sorumluluk meselelerini insan hakları ekseninde incelemektedir. Makalede, Avrupa Konseyinin internete ilişkin tüm deklarasyonları ve tavsiye kararları ile Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesinin (AİHM) internetle ilgili tüm kararları genel hatlarıyla incelenmektedir. Makalede internet ortamındaki içeriğe erişimin engellenmesi, içeriğin kaldırılması, internet ortamında kişilik haklarının korunması, internet platformlarının hukuki sorumluluğu, unutulma hakkı, üçüncü kişilere ait internet içeriğinden sorumluluk ve üçüncü kişilere ait internet bağlantılarından sorumluluk konuları ele alınmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, AİHM’in kararları ışığında ideal bir internet yasasının nasıl olması gerektiği sorusunun yanıtı bulunmaya çalışılmaktadır.

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