Eda MENGEN UÇAKTÜRK, Ahmet UÇAKTÜRK, Çağatay UĞUR

Obez çocuk ve ergenlerde otizm spektrum bozukluğu ve otistik belirtilerin araştırılması

Amaç: Obezite hem ruhsal, hem de fiziksel zorlukları tetikleyen ve sadece biyolojik yönüyle irdelenmemesi gereken, kronik bir bozukluktur. Geçmişteki çalışmalarda obeziteye bağlı çeşitli psikiyatrik bozukluklar ortaya konmuştur. Bununla birlikte, literatürde obezite ile otizm/otistik belirtiler arasındaki korelasyon hakkında yeterli bilgi yoktur. Son çalışmalarda otistik çocuklar ve ergenler arasında yüksek obezite oranları sık vurgulanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı normal kilo ve beden kitle indeksine (BKİ) sahip çocuklarla obez çocukları otizm spektrum bozukluğu ve otistik belir-tiler açısından karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışma grubuna 204 obez çocuk ve ergen, kontrol grubuna 143 normal ağırlığa sahip çocuk ve ergen alındı. Katılımcılara Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, Sosyal İletişim Ölçeği (SİÖ) ve Otizm Davranış Kontrol Listesi (ODKL) verildi. Otizm spektrum bozukluğu ve otistik belirtilerin değerlendirilmesi DSM-5 temelli klinik görüşmeler ve ölçekler kullanılarak yapıldı. Bulgular: Üç çocukta otizm spektrum bozukluğu saptandı ve bu üç çocuk obez grubundaydı. Obez grupta ODKL ilişki kurma (sosyal beceriler) ve duyusal puanlar gibi alt ölçek puanların yanı sıra ODKL toplam puanı da yüksekti. SİÖ toplam ve alt grup puanları obez grupta daha yüksek, ancak anlamlı değildi. Bununla birlikte, SİÖ ölçeği pozitifliği (kesme puanı üstündeki çocuk sayısı) obez grupta belirgin olarak daha yüksekti. Tartışma: Obezite ile otizm ve otistik belirtiler arasında yakın bir ilişki bulduk. Bu alandaki ortak genetik çalışmaların, otizm ile obezite arasındaki ilişkiyi daha açık bir şekilde açıklamasını öneriyoruz. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2018; 19(5):518-525)

Investigation of autism spectrum disorder and autistic symptoms in obese children and adolescents

Objective: Obesity remains a chronic disorder, which triggers both psychological and physical challenges and need not to be probed only from the biological viewpoint. Various obesity-linked psychiatric diseases have been docu-mented in past studies. Nevertheless, there is never adequate information on the correlation between obesity and autism/autistic symptoms in literature. However, high rates of obesity among autistic adolescents and children re-mained further stressed in the latest studies. The purpose of this study is to compare autistic and autistic symptoms in normal weight and body-mass index (BMI) and obese children. Methods: The study group entailed 204 adoles-cents and children with obesity whereas the control group entailed 143 children and adolescents in normal weight. The participants were handed sociodemographic data form, Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), and Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC). The assessment of autism spectrum disorder and autistic symptoms were done utilizing questionnaires and clinical interviews based on DSM-5. Results: Three children had positive ASD diag-nosis. All of them were from obese group. The total score of ABC alongside relating (social skills) and sensory scores subgroups was found higher significantly in obese group. The SCQ total and subgroup scores were higher in the obese group, it was not significant. Nonetheless, the quantity of children with SCQ (positive score) beyond cutoff stood higher significantly in obese group. Discussion: We found a close correlation between obesity and autism and autistic symptoms. We suggest that common genetic studies to be performed on this field should clarify the relationship between autism and obesity more clearly. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2018; 19(5):518-525)

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