Tip 2 diyabette farklı dislipidemi türleri ve ilişkili faktörler

Amaç: Diyabet ve dislipidemi birlikte görülebilen yaygın hastalıklardır. Bu çalışmada diyabet hastalarında görülen dislipidemi tipini etkileyen faktörleri incelemek amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Kesitsel araştırmamız Ocak 2017—Aralık 2019 döneminde İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi'nin diyabet polikliniğine başvuran toplam 596 tip 2 diyabetli hasta içerdi. Hastaların laboratuvar, klinik ve sosyodemografik verileri tıbbi kayıtlardan elde edildi. Bulgular: Hastaların %52’si hiperkolesterolemi (total kolesterol ≥200 mg/dL) tanısı almıştı ve %56,4’ünde hipertrigliseridemi öyküsü vardı. Dört yüz kırk dört (%74) hastada anormal düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol (DYL-K) seviyeleri (≥100 mg/dL) görüldü. DYL-K düzeyi kadınların %80’inde, erkeklerin %67,4’ünde anormaldi ve iki cinsiyet arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p<0,001). Hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) düzeyi ≥%7 olan hastalarda trigliserit düzeyleri daha yüksekti (p<0,001). Sigara içmeyenlere kıyasla, sigara içenlerde DYL-K seviyeleri anlamlı biçimde daha yüksek (p=0,03), yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol seviyeleri ise anlamlı biçimde daha düşüktü (p=0,038). Sigara içenlere kıyasla sigara içmeyen hasta grubunda ortalama vücut kitle indeksi daha yüksekti (p<0,001). Hipertansiyonu olmayan hastalara kıyasla, hipertrigliseridemi ve obezite oranları hipertansiyonlu hastalarda anlamlı biçimde daha yüksekti (sırasıyla p=0,036 ve p=0,013).Sonuç: Dislipidemi diyabetik hastalarda, özellikle kadınlarda yaygındır. Yapılacak bütüncül incelemelerde dislipidemi ile ilişkili durumlar da göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

dislipidemi, diyabet, hiperkolesterolemi, hipertrigliseridemi

Different types of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes and the associated factors

Aim: Diabetes and dyslipidemia are common diseases that can be seen together. In this study, we aimed to investigate factors affecting the type of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients.Methods: The cross-sectional study included a total of 596 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the outpatient diabetes clinic of the Istanbul Medeniyet University between January 2017 and December 2019. Patient laboratory, clinical, and sociodemographic data were retrieved from medical records. Results: Of all patients, 52% were diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL) and 56.4% had a history of hypertriglyceridemia. Four hundred and forty-four (74%) patients had abnormal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (≥100 mg/dL). Eighty percent of the female patients and 67.4% of the male patients had abnormal LDLC levels, and the difference between the two sexes was statistically significant (p<0.001). Triglyceride levels were higher in the patients with a hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) level ≥7% (p<0.001). Smokers had significantly higher levels of LDL-C (p=0.03) and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.038) than non-smokers. The mean body mass index was higher for the group of non-smokers than for the smokers (p<0.001). The rates of hypertriglyceridemia and obesity were significantly higher in patients with hypertension than in those without (p=0.036 and p=0.013, respectively).Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is common in diabetic patients, especially women. A complete examination of the patient should include the consideration of conditions associated with dyslipidemia.

Keywords:

diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia,

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