Kök bakterileri tarafından konukçu bitkide hastalıklara karşı sistemik dayanıklılığın uyarılması

Bitkiler patojen saldırılarına karşı, spesifik bir biyotik uyarıcının tetiklemesiyle aktive olabilen savunma mekanizmalarına sahiptir. Non-patojenik kök bakterilerinin spesifik strainleri bitkilerde Uyarılmış Sistemik Dayanıklılık (ISR) adı verilen ve fenotipik olarak patojen odaklı sistemik uyarılmış dayanıklılıkla (SAR) benzeşen bir dayanıklılığın ortaya çıkmasını sağlarlar. ISR pek çok fungal, bakteriyel ve viral etmene karşı Arabidopsis'te ve çeşitli konukçu bitkilerde denenmiş ve etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. SAR 'in aksine kök bakterisi odaklı ISR, salisilik asit birikiminden ve hastalık oluşumu ile ilgili proteinlerin gen aktivasyonundan bağımsızdır. ISR jasmonik asit ve etilenle bağlantılıdır ve NPR1 geninin aktivasyonuna dayanır. Tarla koşullarında da etkili olan ISR bitki hastalıklarıyla biyolojik savaşta konukçu üzerinden çalışan doğal bir mekanizma olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

kök bakterileri, biyolojik kontrol, uyarılmış direnç, bitki hastalıkları

Induction of systemic resistance by rhizosphere bacteria in host plant against diseases

Plants have the ability to acquire an enhanced level of resistance to pathogen attack after being exposed to specific biotic stimuli. Specific strains of nonpathogenic rhizobacteria can induce a resistance in plants named rhizobacteria-mediated induced systemic resistance (ISR) that is phenotypically similiar to pathogen-induced systemic resistance (SAR). ISR has been demonstrated and observed to be effective against fungi, bacteria and viruses in Arabidopsis and several host plants. In contrast to SAR this rhizobacteria-mediated ISR response is independent ofsalycilic acid accumulation and pathogenesis-related gene activation. ISR requires responsiveness to jasmonate and ethylene and is dependent on NPR1. ISA is effective under field conditions and offers a natural mechanism for biological control of plant diseases.

Keywords:

rhizosphere bacteria, biological control, induced resistance, plant diseases,

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