ALİ ÖZTÜRK, Şahin AKTEN

Kışlık buğdayda bayrak yaprak doğumu üzerindeki yapıların ekim sıklığı ve azot dozlarına tepkisi

Bu çalışmada ekim sıklığının ve azotun kışlık buğdayda bayrak yaprak boğumu üzerindeki yapılara etkisi araştırılmıştır. Beş kışlık buğday genotipi (Yayla-305, Doğu-88, SXL/VEE "S", BEZ/CAL//BB, Turkey-13), üç ekim sıklığı (350, 475, 600 tohum/m2) ve dört azot dozunu (0, 4, 8, 12 kg/da) içeren faktöriyel deneme 1993-94 ve 1994-95 ürün yıllarında yürütülmüştür. İncelenen karakterler yönünden genotipler arasındaki farklar önemli çıkmıştır. En yüksek tane verimi ve bayrak yaprak boğumu üzerindeki Yeşil alan süresine Doğu-88 çeşidi sahip olmuştur. Ekim sıklığı arttıkça bayrak yaprak boğumu üzerindeki Yeşil alan, Yeşil alanın fotosentez etkinliği, başaktaki tane sayısı ve ağırlığı azalmıştır. En yüksek verim ve bayrak yaprak boğumu üzerindeki Yeşil alan süresi 475 tohum/m2 sıklığından elde edilmiştir. Artan azot dozlarının bayrak yaprak boğumu üzerindeki Yeşil alanın fotosentez etkinliğine etkisi olumsuz, diğer karakterlere etkisi ise olumlu olmuştur. Tane verimi yönünden 8 ve 12 kg N/da dozları farksız bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

uygulama oranı, Triticum, buğday, azotlu gübreler, kültür çeşitleri, ekim oranı, fotosentez

Response of structures above the flag leaf node to sowing density and nitrogen doses in winter wheat

The effect of sowing density and nitrogen application on the structures above the flag leaf node was studied in five winter wheat genotypes (Yayla-305, Doğu-88, SXL/VEE "S", BEZ/CAL//BB, Turkey-13). Three sowing densities (350, 475, 600seed/m2) and four nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80,120 kg/ha) were studied in the cropping seasons of 1993-94 and 1994-95. Genotypic differences were significant in all parameters investigated. Doğu-88 had the highest green are duration above flag leaf node and grain yield. Green area above flag leaf node, photosynthetic efficiency of green area, kernel number per spike and grain weight per spike decreased depending on increases in sowing density. The highest values of green area duration above flag leaf node and grain yield were obtained from 475 seed /m2. Higher N doses decreased photosynthetic efficiency of green area above flag leaf node but increased other parameters. There was insignificant difference between 80 and 120 kg N/ha for grain yield.

Keywords:

application rates, Triticum, wheat, nitrogen fertilizers, cultivars, sowing rates, photosynthesis,

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