ULUS KALIPYARGILARININ İÇERİKLERİ: SOSYALYAPISAL DEĞİŞKENLER VE KİMLİKLENMENİN KALIPYARGI İÇERİKLERİYLE İLİŞKİSİ

Çalışmada ulus kalıpyargılarının içerikleri ile sosyal-yapısal değerlendirmeler ve ulusla kimliklenme arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, ön çalışmada 42 katılımcıdan Türkiye'nin gündemindeki en fazla on ulusu belirtip bu ulusları benzerlik, dostluk ve sevilme boyutlarında değerlendirmeleri istenmiştir. Takip eden asıl çalışmada ise üniversite öğrencisi 205 katılımcıdan Türkler de dahil olmak üzere ön çalışmada elde edilmiş 17 ulusu değerlendirmesi istenmiş ve ulusla kimliklenme düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Bulgular, ulus kalıpyargılarının yetkinlik, sevecenlik ve aşağılama boyutlarını içerdiğini, bu kalıpyargıların yetkinlik ve sevecenlik üzerinden dört kümede toplandığını ve birçok ulusa yönelik kalıpyargının karma içerikli olduğunu göstermiştir. Yetkinlik kalıpyargısının statü, sevecenlik kalıpyargısının ise yarışmacı olmama ile ilişkili olduğu, bununla birlikte katılımcıların sosyal kimliği korumak için kalıpyargısal değerlendirmelerinde stratejik davrandıkları gözlenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, katılımcıların iç gruptan daha yetkin değerlendirdikleri uluslara sevecenlikte iç gruptan daha düşük puanlar verdiği bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, kalıpyargı içeriği modeli ve sosyal kimlik kuramı çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.

CONTENTS OF NATION STEREOTYPES: RELATIONSHIPS OF STEREOTYPE CONTENTS WITH SOCIAL-STRUCTURAL PREDICTORS AND IDENTIFICATION

The aim of the study was to investigate contents of nation stereotypes in relation with social-structural variables and national identification. In the pilot study, 42 participants identified at most 10 nations that are salient in Turkish society, and rated them in terms of similarity, friendship and likeability. In the main study, 205 university students were asked to evaluate 17 nations (including Turks) obtained in the pilot study, and their level of national identification was measured. Results showed that national stereotypes (1) contained competence, warmth and derogation dimensions, (2) they clustered in four categories on competenceXwarmth space, and (3) many of them had mixed contents. Even though status and competence; and competition and (lack of) warmth were related, participants’ stereotypical attributions reflected identity concerns, such that nations rated as higher than the ingroup (i.e. Turks) on competence were all rated lower on warmth. Findings were discussed in line with stereotype content model and social identity theory.

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