SEVDAN YILMAZ, EKREM ŞANVER ÇELİK, OSMAN NEZİH KENANOĞLU, SEBAHATTİN ERGÜN

Asidik Stresin Triploid ve Diploid Gökkuşağı Alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)'nın Hematolojik, İmmunolojik Ve Biyokimyasal Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri

Gökkuşağı alabalıklarında erken olgunluğa ulaşma metabolik enerjinin somatik büyümeden üremeye yönlendirilmesi sonucu et kalitesinin ve görünümünün bozulması nedeniyle balık üretim endüstrisi için ekonomik bir kayıptır. Triploid balık üretimi bu durumu tamamen ortadan kaldırmasa da büyük ölçüde azaltmaktadır. Ancak triploid balıkların diploidlere oranla yetiştiricilik şartlarından kaynaklı çeşitli stres faktörlerine karşı dayanıklılıkları tartışma konusudur. Asidik strese; asit yağmurları, asidik kirleticiler ve asidik pis suların yanı sıra yetiştiricilik şartlarında artan stok yoğunluğu da neden olabilmektedir. Asidik suların balıklar üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada asidik strese maruz bırakılan diploid ve triploid gökkuşağı alabalıklarının, Oncorhynchus mykiss hematolojik, immunolojik ve serum biyokimyasal parametrelerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Asidik stres için balıklar asidik suya (pH 5,2) 4 gün maruz bırakılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde kırmızı kan hücre sayısı, hematokrit, hemoglobin, ortalama eritrosit hacmi, ortalama eritrosit hemoglobini, ortalama eritrosit hemoglobin konsantrasyonu, glikoz, total protein, albumin, globulin, trigliserit ve kolesterol diploid ve triploid balıklarda asidik stresten etkilenmemiştir. Fakat, asidik stres diploid balıklarda NBT, lizozim ve myeloperoksidaz aktivitelerinde artışa neden olmuştur. Proje sonucunda bazı spesifik olmayan immun parametrelerinin triploid balıklarda asidik sudan etkilenmediği tespit edilmiştir.

The Effect of Acidic Stress on Hematological, Immunological and Biochemical Parameters in Triploid and Diploid Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Early maturity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is an economic loss for fish production industry since flesh quality and appearance get deformed as metabolic energy is directed from somatic growth into reproduction. Triploid fish production dramatically reduces this situation, even if it does not fully wipe it out. However, the resistance of triploid fish against different stress factors resulted from aquaculture conditions is contentious compared to diploids. Acidic stress results not only from acid rains, acidic polluters and acidic waste water, but it might also result from increasing stock density under aquaculture circumstances. It is already known that acidic water has negative effects on fish. The present study investigated the effect of acidic stress on haematological, immunological and serum biochemical variables of the diploid and triploid rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Acidic stress was achieved by exposing the sampled fish to acidic water (pH 5.2) for 4 days. Results showed that the red blood cell count, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular Hb, and mean corpuscular Hb concentration, glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, triglyceride and cholesterol were not significantly affected by acidic stress in diploid and triploid fish. However, an acidic stress caused an increase in the NBT, lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activity of diploid fish. This study results indicate that the some non-specific immune functions of triploid rainbow trout did not affect by acidic water.

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