Besin Bağımlılığı ve Obezite İlişkisi

Amaç: Beslenme, bireylerin hayatta kalması için gerekli bir eylem olmakla birlikte, çeşitli duyu organlarımıza hitap eden keyif verici bir durumdur. Ancak duyularımıza hitap eden lezzetli besinlerin sürekli tüketimi bazı bireylerde bağımlılık benzeri durumlar oluşturabilmektedir. Besin bağımlılığı; bireyin düzenli olarak tükettiği bir veya daha fazla besine duyduğu spesifik bir adaptasyon olarak tanımlanan bir kavramdır. Çeşitli psikolojik, sosyal problemlerin dışında bazı hormonal dengesizlikler, beyin yapılarındaki anomaliler ve çeşitli ilaçların kullanımından kaynaklanan yan etkiler besin bağımlılığının patofizyolojisini oluşturabilmektedir. Besin bağımlılığı üzerine yapılan klinik çalışmalar artmakta, ancak henüz uluslararası otoriteler tarafından resmi olarak bağımlılık türü olarak tanımlanmaması nedeniyle belirli bir tedavi metodu bulunmamaktadır. Genel olarak obez bireylerde uygulanan tedavi metotlarına ek olarak obezitenin altında yatan patolojik durumlar tespit edilmekte ve buna uygun multidisipliner tedavi stratejileri geliştirilmektedir. En sık kullanılan tedavi stratejileri; tıbbi beslenme tedavileri, psikoterapiler, farmakolojik tedaviler ve nöromodülasyon tedavileridir. Bu derleme çalışmada; besin bağımlılığı ve obezite arasındaki ilişkinin güncel literatür eşliğinde incelenerek tartışılması amaçlanmıştır.

Association Between Food Addiction and Obesity

Although nutrition is a necessary action for the survival of individuals, it is an enjoyable situation that appeals to our various senses. However, the constant consumption of delicious foods that appeal to our senses can create addiction-like situations in some individuals. Food addiction is a concept defined as a specific adaptation to one or more foods that an individual consumes regularly. Apart from various psychological and social problems, some hormonal imbalances, anomalies in brain structures and side effects caused by the use of various drugs can constitute the pathophysiology of food addiction. Clinical studies on food addiction are increasing, but there is no specific treatment method, as it is not yet officially defined as a type of addiction by international authorities. In addition to the treatment methods generally applied to obese individ- uals, the underlying pathological conditions of obesity are identified and appropriate multidisci- plinary treatment strategies are developed. The most commonly used treatment strategies are; medical nutrition treatments, psychotherapies, pharmacological treatments and neuromodulation treatments. The aim of this compilation study is to examine and discuss the relationship between.

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