Milli Sporcularda Ahlak Kavramı: Fenomenolojik Bir Yaklaşım

Bu çalışmanın amacı, değerleri ve ahlaki yapıları ile toplumda rol model olmalarından dolayı genç elit sporcuların ahlak kavramına ilişkin görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Çalışmada nitel yöntem kullanılmış ve araştırma deseni olarak fenomenolojik desenlerden psikolojik fenomenoloji yaklaşımı tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 11 genç milli takım sporcusu oluşturmaktadır. Bu sporcularla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kapsamında her bir katılımcı için ortalama 45 dakika süren bireysel görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Katılımcılardan alınan izin doğrultusunda yanıtları kayıt altına alınarak metin haline getirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde betimsel ve içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak ahlakı davranış ve koruma açısından değerlendiren sporculara göre spor, bireylerin ahlaki gelişimine katkı sağlayabilmektedir. Sporcuların bireysel değerleri, takım ve rakip ile ilgili değerleri bulunurken, spor ortamında sporcuları bazen olumlu, bazen olumsuz etkileyen olaylar meydana gelmektedir. Ayrıca sporculara göre bir sporcunun ahlaki gelişiminde önce aile, sonra antrenörler ve çevrenin sorumlulukları vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ahlak, Kavram, Fenomenoloji, Milli, Sporcu, Yaklaşım

The Concept of Morality in National Athletes: A Phenomenological Approach

The purpose of this study is to find out young elite athletes’ views on the concept of moral because of being a role model in society with their values and moral structures. In this study qualitative method was used and as a research design, psychological phenomenology approach, which is one of the phenomenological patterns, was preferred. The sample group of the study consists of 11 young national team athletes who were determined with maximum variation sampling method, which is one of the purposive sampling methods. With these athletes, individual interviews for each participant which lasted for an average of 45 minutes within the context of semi structured interview technique were conducted. In accordance with the permission taken from the participants, their answers were recorded and then textualized. Descriptive and content analysis method were used to analyse the data. According to athletes who assess moral in terms of behaviour and protection, sports can contribute to individuals’ moral development. While athletes have individual values, and values related with the team and opponent, events which sometimes motivate athletes positively and which sometimes influence them negatively occur in sport environment. In addition, according to athletes, first of all the family, then coaches and environment have responsibilities in the moral development of an athlete.

Keywords:

Approach, Athlete, Concept, Moral, National, Phenomenology,

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