Turizm Üzerine Terörizmin Etkileri: 1984-2001 Türkiye Deneyimi

Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde giderek artan tasarruf (kalkınmanın finansmanı) ve döviz (ödemeler bilançosu ve dış borç) açığı, en önemli sorunlar arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çerçevede ikiz açığı gidermede turizm önemli bir yer tutmaya başlamıştır. Ancak literatürde ülke turizm gelirlerini etkileyen değişkenlerden birisinin de terör olayları olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Çalışmada Türkiye'de 1984 yılında başlayan ve giderek şiddetini artıran terör olgusunun başlangıçta ülkenin Doğu Bölgesi sorunu olarak lokalleştirilmiş olmasına rağmen, turizm gelirlerini etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle terörün metropolitan ve turistik kentleri hedef almaya başlaması ile birlikte, literatürde gözlendiği şekliyle turizm ve terörizm arasında ters yönlü ilişkiler kendini yoğun olarak göstermiştir.

Impacts of Terrorism on Tourism: The Case of Turkey (1984-2001)

The rising gap between saving (finance of development) and foreign currency (unbalance of payment and debt) in developing countries is one of the most important problems. In this perspective, tourism earnings become significant in eliminating twin deficits. On the other hand, terrorism is accepted as an important factor affecting tourism earnings in the literature. In this study, it is determined that terrorism has affected the tourism earnings of Turkey following its start in 1984, and increased its effect although it was localized as a problem of a region, namely, the East Region, at the beginning. The negative relationship between terrorism and tourism earnings has clearly been observed especially after terrorism had been spread through the metropolitan cities and tourism centers in the country.

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