İngiltere'de refah reformlarının ekonomi politiği

Bu çalışmada, İngiltere'de 1996-1997'den bu yana İşçi Partisi hükümetleri döneminde uygulanan refah reformlarının ayırtedici özellikleri ortaya konulmaktadır. Refah rejiminin koruyuculuğu, kapsadığı nüfus, kapsadığı sosyal riskler ve sistemden yararlanma koşullan çerçevesinde tartışılmaktadır. İşçi partisi, refah reformlarını işsizliği ve yoksulluğu azaltmak için tasarlamıştır. Bu dönemde, İngiliz refah rejimi, piyasa temelli araçlar ve özel sektörün katılımını içerecek biçimde dönüştürülmüştür. Bu reformlar Keynezyen dönemde kazanılmış sosyal haklan daraltığı için eleştirilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, 1980'lerden bu yana İngiliz ekonomisinin özel kesim ve finans ağırlıklı bir dinamiğe dayanması dikkate alındığında, reformlann bu niteliği kaçınılmaz görünmektedir.

The political economy of welfare reforms in the united Kingdom

In this paper, it is explored the essential characteristics of welfare reform in the United Kingdom during the period the Labour Party has been in power since 1996-1997. The protectiveness of the welfare regime is discussed within a framework which covers population, social risks, and the condition of the system. The Labour Party designed its welfare reforms in order to reduce unemployment and poverty in the United Kingdom. During this time, the British welfare regime has been transformed in favour of market-based instruments and private sector participation. These reforms have been criticized for narrowing the social rights which were acquired in the Keynesian age. Considering the fact that the economy of the United Kingdom has been based on predominantly private sector and finance since the 1980's, the character of these reforms seems inevitable.

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