Toprak tuzluluğu etkisindeki makarnalık buğday tanesinin kadmiyum konsantrasyonu

Bitki dokularında kadmiyum (Cd) birikimi, gıda güvenliği ve insan sağlığı açısından, tüm dünyada gittikçe artan bir ilgi çekmektedir. Toprak tuzluluğu tahıl tanelerinde kadmiyum birikimine yol açan önemli bir faktördür. Makarnalık buğday tahıllar arasında Cd toksitesine en hassas olan bitki olarak bilinmektedir. Bu araştırma, toprak tuzluluğunun makarnalık buğday tanesinde kadmiyum birikimi üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Kadmiyum uygulanan ve uygulanmayan (0 ve 1.0 mg kg-1) topraklarda yetiştirilen makarnalık buğday (Triticum turgidum L. durum) tanesinin Cd içeriği üzerine NaCl dozlarının (0, 200 ve 1000 mg kg-1) etkisi incelenmiştir. Kontrol bitkilerde (kadmiyum ve NaCl uygulanmamış) tanenin Cd konsantrasyonu 21 µg kg-1 olarak tespit edilierken, 200 ve 1000 mg kg-1 NaCl dozlarında bu değerler, sırasıyla %300 ve %400 artışla, 60 ve 75 µg kg-1 olmuştur. Kadmiyum uygulanmış toprakta tanenin Cd içeriği kontrol bitkilerinde 1325 µg kg-1 olurken, 200 ve 1000 mg kg-1 NaCl ile muamele edilen bitkilerde 1778 ve 2411 µg kg-1 olmuştur. Sunulan bu çalışma, topraktaki Cd seviyesi çok düşük olsa bile, toprak tuzluluğunun tanede Cd birikimini artırdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, kadmiyum kolayca taneye taşınmaktadır ve Cd ile bulaşık topraklarda toprak tuzluluğu bu taşınımı atırmaktadır.

Cd concentration of durum wheat grain as influenced by soil salinity

Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in plant tissues hasrecently gained a worldwide-growing concern due tofood safety and health care. Soil salinity is animportant causal agent influencing Cd accumulationin cereal grains and durum wheat is known as themost sensitive to Cd toxicity among cereals. Thisresearch is aimed at evaluating influence of soilsalinity on cadmium accumulation in durum wheatgrain. Influence of NaCl doses (0, 200 and 1000 mgkg-1) on Cd concentration in durum wheat grain(Triticum turgidum L. durum) grown in soils treatedwith Cd (0 and 1.0 mg kg-1) was established. Grain Cdconcentration in control plants (without Cd andNaCl) was 21 µg kg-1, while 200 and 1000 mg kg-1NaCl doses resulted in 60 and 75 µg kg-1 Cd with300% and 400% increase, respectively. Grain Cdconcentration in Cd-treated soil arose from 1325 µgkg-1 in the control plants to 1778 and 2411 µg kg-1 inthe plants exposed to 200 and 1000 mg kg-1 NaCl,respectively. The present study reveals that soilsalinity increases Cd accumulation in grain even ifsoil Cd level is very low. Further, cadmium istransported to grain easily and soil salinity enhancessuch carriage in Cd-contaminated soils.

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