Serkan ÇELİK, Anıl Fırat FELEK, Faruk AKYAZI

Kurutulmuş fındık (Corylus avellana L.) zuruf ekstraktı ve kompostunun domates üzerindeki kök ur nematodlarına (Meloidogyne spp.) karşı etkinliği

Bu araştırma, kurumuş fındık zuruf ekstraktı ve kompostunun, kök ur nematodu Meloidogyne hapla ve M. arenaria karışık popülasyonları ve bazı bitki parametreleri üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Hasattan sonra elde edilen kurumuş fındık zurufundan gerek ekstrakt, gerekse kompost uygulaması için 50 gram kullanılmıştır. Nematoda duyarlı domates çeşidine (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Rio Grande), yaklaşık 1000 adet ikinci dönem (J2) juvenil bulaştırılmıştır. Uygulamadan sekiz hafta sonra, kökteki ur sayısı, topraktaki juvenil sayısı, bitki taze kök ağırlığı ile toplam bitki ağırlıkları ölçülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, zuruf kompostu ile muamele edilmiş bitkilerde, zuruf ekstraktına kıyasla, kökte daha az ur ve saksı toprağında daha az juvenile rastlanmıştır. Bitki büyüme parametrelerine bakıldığında, toplam bitki ağırlığı kompost uygulaması ektrakt uygulamasından farklı bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar göstermektedir ki, zuruf kompostu uygulamasının ekstrakt uygulamasına kıyasla kök ur nematodlarının domates üzerinde ur oluşumunu azaltmada daha fazla etkiye sahiptir.

Efficacy of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) dried husk extract and dried husk compost against root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on tomato

This study was conducted to evaluate some effects ofhazelnut dried husk extract and husk compost onnematode infection and some plant parameters oftomato inoculated by mixed root-knot nematodespopulations of Meloidogyne hapla and M. arenaria inpot experiment. The dried hazelnut husk obtainedfrom after harvest were used. For both husk extractand husk compost treatment, 50 grams of hazelnuthusk was used. Approximately 1000 second stagejuveniles (J2) was inoculated to susceptible tomatocultivar (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Rio Grande). Atthe end of 8 weeks, the gall numbers on the root,number of the juveniles in the pot, plant fresh rootweight and total plant fresh weight were measured.As result, the husk compost treated plants had lowergall on the root system and juvenile numbers in thepot soil by comparison with husk extract treatment.For plant growth parameters, the total plant freshweight was significantly different for husk composttreatment. The all results seemed that the huskcompost treatment has more effect on Meloidogynespp. gall numbers than husk extract application ontomato.

PDF

___

Ahmad, F., Siddiqui, M. A., Olubukola O. Babalola, O. O. 2013. Characterization of nematicidal activity of plant residues and their application with moisture approach against Meloidogyne incognita in tomato. African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 (1), 93-101.
Alam, M. M., Ahmad, M., Khan, A. M., 1980. Effect of organic amendments on the growth and chemical composition of tomato, eggplant and chilli and their susceptibility to attack by Meloidogyne incognita. Plant and soil. 57 (2-3): 231-236.
Aydınlı, G., Mennan, S., 2014. Effect of some plant extracts on Meloidogyne arenaria Neal, 1889 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) and tomato. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 38(3):323-332.
Collange, B., Navarrete, M., Peyre, G., Mateille, T., Tchamitchian, M., 2011. Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne) management in vegetable crop production: The challenge of an agronomic system analysis. Crop Protection, 30 (10): 1251-1262.
Coosemans, J., 1982. Influence of organic material on the population dynamics of Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood. Agricultural wastes, 4 (3): 193-201.
FAO, 2014. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC (Data accessed: 14.08.2017).
Hassan M.A., Chindo P.S., Marley P.S., Alegbejo M.D., 2010. Management of root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum) using organic wastes in Zaria,Nigeria. Plant Protection Science, 46: 34-39.
Hutangura, P., Jones, M. G. K., Heinrich, T. ,1998. Optimisation of culture conditions for in vitro infection of tomato with the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. Australasian Plant Pathology, 27 (2): 84-89.
Javed, N., Gowen, S. R., Inam-ul-Haq, M., Anwar, S. A.,2007. Protective and curative effect of neem (Azadirachta indica) formulations on the development of rootknot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in roots of tomato plants. Crop protection, 26 (4): 530-534.
Jourand, P., Rapior, S., Fargette, M., Mateille, T. 2004. Nematostatic effects of a leaf extract from Crotalaria virgulata subsp. grantiana on Meloidogyne incognita and its use to protect tomato roots. Nematology, 6 (1): 79-84.
Kaşkavalcı, G., 2007. Effects of soil solarization and organic amendment treatments for controlling Meloidogyne incognita in tomato cultivars in Western Anatolia. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 31 (3): 159-167.
Marull, J., Pinochet, J., Rodríguez-Kábana, R., 1997. Agricultural and municipal compost residues for control of root-knot nematodes in tomato and pepper. Compost science & utilization, 5 (1), 6-15.
Oka, Y. 2010. Mechanisms of nematode suppression by organic soil amendments-a review. Applied Soil Ecology, 44 (2): 101-115.
Oka, Y., Uri Y., 2002. Suppressive effects of composts against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica on tomato. Nematology 4 (8): 891-898.
Radwan, M. A. El-Maadawy, E. K. Kassem S. I., AbuElamayem, M. M.,2009. Oil cakes soil amendment effects on Meloidogyne incognita, root-knot nematode infecting tomato, Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, 42 (1): 58- 64.
Rajvasnshi, I., Sharma, G.L. 2007. Eco-friendly Management of Phytonematodes. Rajdhani Printers, Delhi. Ravichandra, N. G. 2014. Horticultural nematology (Vol. 3, p. 25). New Delhi: Springer.
Rivera, L., Aballay, E. 2008. Nematicide effect of various organic soil amendments on Meloidogyne ethiopica Whitehead, 1968, on potted vine plants. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 68 (4): 412-412
Sadi Sardari, A., Hojat Jalali, A.A., Bahraminejad, S., Safaee, D. 2015. Effect of plant extracts on the mortality of root-knot nematodes’ J2, Meloidogyne javanica. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 48, (4), 365–375.
Seo, Y., Jiyeong Park, J., Kim, Y.S., Par, Y. Kim, Y. H., 2014. Screening and Histopathological Characterization of Korean Carrot Lines for Resistance to the RootKnot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Plant Pathol. J. 30 (1) : 75-81.
Southey, J. F. 1986. Laboratory methods for work with plant and soil nematodes. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, UK
TÜİK, 2016. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel. zul. (Data accessed: 14.08.2017)