Tiroid Bezinin Klinik Özellikleri Erken Yaşlılık ve İhtiyarlık Döneminde Farklılık Gösterir mi?

Amaç: Bu çalışma, tiroid bezinin klinik özelliklerinin erken yaşlılık döneminde ve ihtiyarlık döneminde farklılık gösterip göstermediğini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Üçüncü basamak bir hastanede yaşları 65 ile 84 arasında değişen hasta verilerinin retrospektif analizi yapıldı. Hastaların demografik verileri, tiroid fonksiyon testleri değerleri, tiroid ultrasonografi tarama sonuçları ve tiroid bezinin kesinleşmiş hastalığı araştırıldı. Hastalar Dünya Sağlık Örgütü sınıflandırmasına göre 65-74 yaş (G1; erken yaşlılık) ve 75-84 yaş (G2; ihtiyarlık) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Her iki grubun verileri uygun istatistiksel testlerle karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Toplam 426 hastanın 90’ı (%21,1) erkek, 336’sı (%78,9) kadındı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 74,89±0,22 yıldı. Tiroid bezinde 208 (%48,8) hastada nodül yoktu, 218 (%51,2) hastada ise nodül mevcuttu. Nodülü olanların 140’ında (%32,9) multinodüler guatr (MNG), 78’sında (%18,3) tek soliter nodül vardı. G1 grubunda 144 (%33,8) hasta vardı, geri kalan hastalar ise G2 grubundaydı. G2 grubunun %22’sinde, G1 grubunun ise %11,1’inde 1 cm’den büyük soliter nodüller saptandı. Otoimmün hipotiroidili olanlar G1 grubunda daha sık görülürken, soliter nontoksik adenomlu olanlar G2 grubunda daha sıktı (p<0,005). Ötiroidik hasta oranı G1 ve G2 gruplarında benzer olup hipertiroidizm hasta oranı G2 grubunda daha yüksek idi. Sonuç: Yaşlanma ilerledikçe tiroid nodülü saptanma oranı ve hipetiroidizm kliniği ile karşılaşma daha olasıdır. Bu durumların farkında olunarak geriatrik yaştaki hastaların değerlendirilmesi doğru takip ve tedavi açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hipertiroidizm, Yaşlılık, Tiroid

Do the Clinical Features of the Thyroid Gland Differ in Early Senility Age and Old Age?

Aim: This study aimed to investigate whether the clinical features of the thyroid gland differed in early senility age and old age. Material and Method: The retrospective analysis of patient data, aged between 65 and 84 years, was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. The demographic data of the patients, the values of thyroid function tests, the results of thyroid ultrasonography screening, and finalized disease of thyroid gland were investigated. Patients were categorized into two groups, 65-74 years (G1; early senility) and 75-84 years (G2; old age), according to World Health Organisation classification. The data of both groups were compared with suitable statistical tests. Results: Out of the 426 patients, 90 (21.1%) were male and 336 (78.9%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 74.89±0.22 years. The thyroid gland did not include any nodules in 208 (48.8%) patients while nodules were present in 218 (51.2%) patients. Of those with nodules, 140 (32.9%) had multinodular goiter (MNG) and 78 (18.3%) had a single solitary nodule. There were 144 (33.8%) patients in the G1 group, and the remaining patients were in the G2 group. Solitary nodules larger than 1 cm were detected in 22% of the G2 group and 11.1% of the G1 group. While those with autoimmune hypothyroidism were more common in the G1 group, those with solitary nontoxic adenoma were more common in the G2 group (p<0.005). The rate of euthyroidic patients was similar in the G1 and G2 groups, and the rate of hyperthyroidism patients was higher in the G2 group. Conclusion: As aging progresses, the rate of thyroid nodule detection and hyperthyroidism clinic becomes more likely. Being aware of these conditions and evaluating geriatric patients is critical for correct follow-up and treatment.

Keywords:

Hyperthyroidism, Senescence, Thyroid,

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